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1. Continue to implement a prudent monetary policy and maintain a reasonable amount of money and credit
Coordinate overall development, adjust the structure, control inflation, prevent risks, and reasonably maintain the total amount of money. Comprehensively use a combination of various monetary policy tools such as quantity and price to give full play to the guiding role of the re-loan, rediscount and differential deposit reserve dynamic adjustment mechanism, revitalize existing funds, use incremental funds, accelerate capital turnover, and improve capital use. effectiveness. For small and medium-sized financial institutions, they will continue to implement a lower deposit reserve ratio and increase the sources of credit funds for weak links such as “agriculture, rural areas and farmers†and small and micro enterprises. Steadily promote the reform of interest rate marketization, give greater play to the basic role of the market in the allocation of funds, promote enterprises to select financing channels according to their own conditions, optimize the financing structure, and improve the credit availability of the real economy, especially small and micro enterprises. Big financial support for the real economy. (People's Bank takes the lead, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Foreign Exchange Bureau, etc.)
2. Guide and promote key areas and industry transformation and adjustment
Adhere to the principle of support, control, and pressure, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of financial support. Strong support for the implementation of innovation-driven development strategies. We will increase financial support for advanced manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, modern information technology industries, information consumption, labor-intensive industries, service industries, traditional industrial upgrading and upgrading, and green environmental protection. We will ensure the rational funding needs of the construction projects and projects that are under construction, and actively support the construction of major infrastructure such as railways, urban infrastructure, and affordable housing projects, and foster new industrial growth points. In accordance with the requirements of “digesting batches, transferring batches, integrating batches, and eliminating batchesâ€, differentiated policies were implemented for different industries with overcapacity. For enterprises that are competitive, market-oriented and profitable, they should continue to provide financial support; enterprises that transfer production capacity reasonably abroad must actively participate in internal insurance, foreign exchange and RMB loans, debt financing, equity financing, etc. Support the enhancement of cross-border investment management capabilities; enterprises that implement capacity integration should support mergers and acquisitions by exploring the issue of preferred stocks, targeted M&A loans, and appropriate extension of loan maturities; The transfer of assets and non-performing loans and the write-off of loan losses support the delisting of the production. It is strictly forbidden to provide any form of new credit and direct financing for illegal construction projects with serious overcapacity, to prevent blind investment from increasing overcapacity. (Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Commerce, People's Bank of China, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission, China Insurance Regulatory Commission, Foreign Exchange Bureau, etc.)
Third, integrate financial resources to support the development of small and micro enterprises
Optimize small and micro enterprise financial services. Support financial institutions to extend service outlets to small and micro enterprises. According to the characteristics of financial needs of small and micro enterprises at different stages of development, they support financial institutions to provide comprehensive financial services such as financing, settlement, wealth management and consulting to small and micro enterprises. Continue to support eligible banks to issue special financial bonds for small and micro enterprises. The small and micro enterprise loans issued by the funds raised are not included in the deposit-loan ratio assessment. Gradually promote the regularization of credit asset securitization, and revitalize funds to support the development of small and micro enterprises and economic restructuring. Moderately liberalize small additional insurance domestic loans and expand the sources of financing for small and micro enterprises. Appropriately increase the tolerance of non-performing loans to small and micro enterprise loans. Strengthen financial support for small and micro enterprises with technology, innovation and entrepreneurship. Strive for the growth rate of small and micro enterprise loans in the whole year is not lower than the average growth rate of various loans in the year, and the loan increase is not lower than the same period of the previous year. Encourage local people's governments to establish credit risk compensation funds for small and micro enterprises, support information integration of small and micro enterprises, and accelerate the construction of credit systems for SMEs. Support local people's governments to strengthen supervision of microfinance companies and financing guarantee companies, and clean up non-financial guarantee companies. Encourage local people's governments to invest in the establishment or participation of financing guarantee companies, and guide the healthy development of financing guarantee companies through various means such as rewards and risk compensation, help small and micro enterprises to increase credit financing, reduce the financing costs of small and micro enterprises, and improve small and micro enterprises. Loan coverage. Promote financial institutions to improve service pricing management mechanisms, strictly regulate charging behaviors, strictly enforce no transfer of loans, no deposits and loans, no loan charges, no floating profit, no lending, no tying, no transfer Cost, public fee collection, service price, utility function, preferential policies, etc., to effectively reduce corporate financing costs. (Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Finance, People's Bank of China, State Administration for Industry and Commerce, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission, China Insurance Regulatory Commission, Foreign Exchange Bureau, etc.)
Fourth, increase credit support for the “three rural†areas
Optimize the “three rural†financial services, make overall use of the synergy of policy finance, commercial finance and cooperative finance, give play to the advantages of direct financing, and promote the pace of agricultural modernization. Encourage agricultural-related financial institutions to set up service outlets in the blank towns of financial services, innovate service methods, and strive to achieve full coverage of rural basic financial services. Support financial institutions to develop financial products and services that meet the characteristics of new agricultural and rural business entities and agricultural products (6.37, -0.04, -0.62%) wholesalers, increase credit support, and strive to accelerate the growth of “three rural†loans throughout the year. The average growth rate of various loans in the year, the loan increase is not lower than the same period of the previous year. Support qualified banks to issue special financial bonds for “agriculture, rural areas and farmersâ€. Encourage banking financial institutions to expand forest tenure mortgage loans, and explore pilot projects to develop large and medium-sized agricultural machinery, rural land contractual management rights, and mortgage loans for homestead use rights. Supporting the Agricultural Bank (2.48, 0.01, 0.40%) on the basis of summarizing the pilot experience, gradually expand the scope of the pilot provinces of the “Three Rural Finance Department†of the county. Support rural financial reform pilot areas approved by the central government to innovate rural financial products and services. (Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Land and Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Commerce, People's Bank of China, Forestry Bureau, Legislative Affairs Office, China Banking Regulatory Commission, etc.)
V. Further develop consumer finance to promote consumption upgrading
Accelerate the improvement of the function of bank card consumption services, optimize the consumption environment of credit card, and expand the range of cards used by urban and rural residents. Actively meet the reasonable credit needs of the first set of self-occupied homes, large durable consumer goods, new consumer goods, and services such as education and tourism. Gradually expand the scope of pilot cities for consumer finance companies, and cultivate and expand new consumption growth points. Strengthen personal credit management. According to the consumption characteristics of groups such as migrant workers in the process of urbanization, improve the matching and adaptability of financial services and promote consumption upgrading. (People's Bank takes the lead, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Commerce, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, etc.)
Sixth, support enterprises to "go out"
Encourage financial institutions such as policy banks and commercial banks to vigorously support enterprises to “go globalâ€. Focusing on facilitating trade and investment facilitation, we will further promote cross-border use of RMB, promote the decentralization of foreign exchange management, and improve the foreign exchange management system for trade in goods and services. Gradually carry out pilot projects for personal overseas direct investment to further promote the opening of the capital market to the outside world. Improve the management of external debt and improve the management system of full-caliber external debt. Strengthen infrastructure construction such as netting and liquidation in the inter-bank foreign exchange market. Innovate the use of foreign exchange reserves, expand the foreign exchange reserve entrusted loan platform and commercial banks to transfer loans, and comprehensively use a variety of methods to provide financing support for the main body of the sink. (People's Bank takes the lead, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Customs, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Foreign Exchange Bureau, etc.)
7. Accelerate the development of multi-level capital markets
Further optimize the institutional arrangements for the main board, SME board, and GEM market, and improve various systems in terms of issuance, pricing, mergers and acquisitions, etc. Appropriately relax the financial access standards of the GEM for innovative and growing companies. The pilot of the SME share transfer system was expanded to the whole country. Regulate the management of unlisted public companies. We will steadily expand the issuance of corporate (enterprise) bonds, medium-term notes and SME private placement bonds to promote the interconnection of the bond market. Standardize the development of various institutional investors, explore the development of M&A investment funds, encourage the innovation of private equity investment funds and venture capital funds, and promote the financing development of innovative and entrepreneurial SMEs. Accelerate the improvement of the futures market, steadily promote the innovation of the futures market, and further play the role of pricing, diversifying risks, hedging and promoting economic transformation and upgrading of the futures market. (The CSRC takes the lead, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the People's Bank of China, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, and the Legislative Affairs Office)
8. Further play the role of insurance
Expand the coverage of agricultural insurance, and promote new types of insurance such as vegetable basket engineering insurance, fishery insurance, agricultural product quality assurance insurance, and rural housing insurance. Establish a financial support for the agricultural insurance disaster risk dispersion mechanism. Vigorously develop export credit insurance, and encourage enterprises to provide foreign investment and “going out†to provide investment insurance, operations, labor and other aspects of insurance package insurance. Deepen the work of science and technology insurance. Pilot to promote microfinance guarantee insurance and promote the development of domestic trade credit insurance. Broaden the coverage of insurance and the scope of insurance funds, and further play the positive role of insurance in economic restructuring, transformation and upgrading. (The China Insurance Regulatory Commission takes the lead, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Commerce, the People's Bank of China, the Forestry Bureau, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, and the Foreign Exchange Bureau.)
9. Expanding private capital into the financial industry
Encourage private capital to invest in financial institutions and participate in the restructuring and transformation of financial institutions. Allow the development of mature and stable rural banks to adjust the shareholding ratio between the main sponsoring bank and other shareholders within the minimum share ratio requirement. Attempts to establish private institutions such as private banks, financial leasing companies and consumer finance companies at their own risk by private capital. Exploring and optimizing the banking industry classification and supervision mechanism, implementing differentiated access management for different types of banking financial institutions in the business area and business scope, establishing a corresponding assessment and evaluation system to provide broad coverage, differentiation and high efficiency for the development of the real economy. Financial services. (The China Banking Regulatory Commission takes the lead, the People's Bank of China, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the Legislative Affairs Office, etc.)
X. Strictly guard against financial risks
In-depth investigation of various financial risks, timely stress testing, dynamic analysis of possible risk contacts, timely lock, prevention and resolution of risks, and strictly adhere to the bottom line of systemic regional financial risks. Continue to follow the principles of total control, classified management, differential treatment, and gradual resolution to prevent and mitigate the risks of local government financing platform loans. We will conscientiously implement real estate control policies, implement differentiated housing credit policies, strengthen list management, and strictly prevent and control real estate financing risks. In accordance with the principle of separation of financial and credit business, product and project one by one, separate accounting management, and transparent information disclosure, regulate commercial bank wealth management products, strengthen behavior supervision, and strictly control risks. Pay close attention to and actively resolve the financial risks exposed during the structural adjustment of the “two highs and one surplus†(high energy consumption, high pollution, overcapacity). Prevent cross-financial risks brought about by cross-market and cross-industry operations, and prevent risks such as private financing, illegal fund-raising, and international capital flows from penetrating into the financial system. Support banks to carry out non-performing loan transfers, expand the independent write-off rights of non-performing loans of banks, and actively absorb and absorb risks in a timely manner. Handle risks in a safe and orderly manner, strengthen grooming, and prevent new risks arising from improper disposal. Accelerate the construction of credit legislation and social credit system, foster a culture of social integrity, and create a favorable environment for financial support for economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading. (People's Bank takes the lead, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Legislative Affairs Office, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Foreign Exchange Bureau, etc.)
Recently, the State Council formulated and promulgated the "Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Financial Support for Economic Structure Adjustment and Transformation and Upgrading" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). Why is it necessary to formulate the "Opinions"? What is the general idea of ​​the Opinion? In what areas will the implementation of the Opinions be focused? In response to these questions, the CBRC conducted a policy interpretation of the Opinions.
1. What is the background of the "Opinions"?
At present, China's economic operation is generally stable, and economic growth is still in a reasonable range. However, uncertainties and unstable factors in economic operations are also increasing, and structural contradictions are still prominent. To achieve sustained and healthy economic development and improve the quality and efficiency of economic development, we must focus on solving the strategic adjustment of the economic structure and promoting economic transformation and upgrading.
Finance and the real economy are inseparable. Finance plays an important role in stabilizing growth, restructuring, and promoting transformation. At this stage, the financial operation is generally stable, but the irrational distribution of funds still exists. The problem of financing difficulties and financing in some areas has not been resolved. Compared with the requirements of serving the real economy development and promoting economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading, it is necessary to continuously deepen financial reforms and continuously improve the level of financial services.
The formulation and promulgation of the "Opinions" is to thoroughly implement the spirit of the Party's 18th National Congress, the Central Economic Work Conference and the State Council's executive meeting, to better play the supporting role of finance in economic restructuring, transformation and upgrading, and to promote the solution to the sustainable and healthy development of the economy. Structural problems that truly improve the quality and level of the financial services real economy.
2. What is the guiding ideology for formulating the Opinions?
Economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading are the top priorities of current economic work. The guiding ideology of the "Opinions" is to effectively strengthen and improve the financial services to the real economy to support economic restructuring, transformation and upgrading.
To this end, the basic idea established in the "Opinions" is to continue to implement a prudent monetary policy in accordance with the requirements of striving for stability, striving for stability, and stabilizing the quality, not to turn loose due to the slowdown in economic growth, nor because of the current At the same time, the currency grew faster and tightened. At the same time, it adhered to the principle of support, control and pressure. We focused on adjusting and optimizing the allocation of financial resources, revitalizing the stock funds, and using the incremental funds to effectively promote economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading.
Following this line of thinking, the "Opinions" comprehensively proposed various policies and measures such as monetary, credit, securities, insurance, foreign exchange, etc., focusing on continuing to implement a prudent monetary policy, guiding the transformation and adjustment of key areas and industries, and increasing the number of small and micro enterprises. The support of the “three rural†and other weak links in the national economy has promoted the upgrading of consumption and supported the specific areas of economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading of enterprises such as “going outâ€.
3. What are the overall considerations in the formulation of the Opinions?
In the process of formulating the "Opinions", there are mainly the following basic considerations:
First, we must give full play to the role of the market. To optimize the allocation of financial resources, we must first let the market play a fundamental role in the allocation of financial resources. The "Opinions" attaches great importance to promoting market-oriented reforms in the financial sector and releasing financial reform dividends. For example, the "Opinions" proposes that the interest rate marketization reform should be steadily promoted, and the market price should be determined to a greater extent by the market.
The second is to effectively transform government functions. According to the government's function, the "Opinions" changed the "the power to release the power and resolutely put it in place, and the management of the matter must be managed." On the one hand, it actively relaxed the control. For example, it proposed to expand private capital into the financial industry and explore the initiation of private capital. The establishment of private financial institutions at their own risk should expand the independent write-off of non-performing loans of banks, and on the other hand strengthen the government's maintenance of property rights and public service functions, such as encouraging local people's governments to establish credit risk compensation funds for small and micro enterprises, and supporting small and micro enterprises. Information integration, accelerate the construction of credit system for SMEs, support local people's governments to strengthen supervision over microfinance companies and financing guarantee companies, encourage local people's governments to invest in setting up or participate in financing guarantee companies, etc., and actively compensate for the financing problems of small and micro enterprises. Market failures.
The third is to focus on policy coordination. To fully play its role, financial policies must be coordinated with other policies such as fiscal policy and industrial policy to form a synergy. The Opinions attaches great importance to the synergy between financial policies and other policies. For example, in order to resolve the overcapacity, the "Opinions" cooperate with the industrial policy requirements of "digesting a batch, transferring a batch, integrating a batch, and eliminating a batch", and put forward corresponding financial policies to jointly promote the suppression of excess capacity and support advanced production capacity.
The fourth is to insist on both hands. Preventing risks is the eternal theme of financial work. We must adhere to the financial support for economic restructuring, transformation and upgrading, and prevent and resolve financial risks. Promote economic transformation and development under the premise of preventing financial risks, and enhance the ability to prevent financial risks in the process of promoting economic transformation and development.
4. How to understand and continue to implement a prudent monetary policy?
At present, China's economic growth is generally stable, the price situation is basically stable, and the sound monetary policy is in line with China's macroeconomic situation, and the policy implementation effect is good. Continue to implement a prudent monetary policy. On the one hand, we must balance overall growth, adjust structure, control inflation, prevent risks, and maintain a reasonable amount of money. It is necessary to make good use of various monetary policy tools such as quantity and price to comprehensively adjust and fine-tune and adjust the overall stability of the financial market and create a good currency for the healthy development of the real economy. condition. On the other hand, we must improve the efficiency of capital use, actively revitalize the stock, and use the incremental. Give full play to the guiding functions of policy instruments such as refinancing, rediscounting, and differential deposit reserve dynamic adjustment mechanism, and steadily promote interest rate marketization reform, and determine the capital price to a greater extent by the market. Through monetary policy guidance and market price mechanism, the allocation of capital resources to the economic law, urgently need to be transformed and upgraded, allocated to enterprises with economic efficiency and ability to create employment, accelerate the turnover of funds, and improve the efficiency of capital use in the real economy. .
5. How does finance guide and promote key areas and industry transformation and adjustment?
To promote the transformation and adjustment of key areas and industries in the financial sector, we must adhere to the principle of support and control, and have the principle of safeguarding and pressure, play a guiding role in funds, enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of financial support, and continuously optimize the social financing structure. Financial support in the field and industry, on the other hand, strongly support the resolution of overcapacity.
In terms of increasing financial support for key areas and industries, we must vigorously support the implementation of innovation-driven development strategies, and increase advanced manufacturing, strategic emerging industries, modern information technology industries, and information consumption and labor-intensive industries with market development prospects. , service industry, upgrading and upgrading of traditional industries, and financial support in the field of green environmental protection, ensuring the key construction needs of construction projects and projects, and actively supporting major infrastructure such as railways, urban infrastructure construction and affordable housing projects. Construction. These industries and fields are either the leading industries that guide the future economic and social development, or the traditional advantages that are conducive to the economic competitiveness of China, or the key links of sustained and healthy economic development and structural optimization and upgrading, or the transformation of economic development. It is a powerful focus, so it should also be the focus of financial support.
At the same time, we must vigorously support the resolution of overcapacity. Overcapacity is a prominent problem in China's industrial restructuring. The Central Economic Work Conference clearly stated that it is necessary to resolve the contradiction of overcapacity as a priority. Financial support to resolve the contradiction of overcapacity, the key is to distinguish the different situations of overcapacity industries, implement differentiated policies in different categories, and continue to provide financial support for enterprises with competitive, marketable and profitable products in overcapacity industries to help them accelerate Development; for products that are oversupply in the domestic market, but there are sales in the international market, companies with markets, support their cross-border investment operations through various financing methods; for enterprises that implement capacity integration, by exploring the issue of preferred stocks, Carry out M&A loans and other means to promote their mergers and acquisitions; support enterprises that are out of backward production capacity through the transfer of assets and non-performing loans, write-off and other means to support the decommissioning of the production; for the construction of illegal production projects with serious overcapacity, it is strictly prohibited to provide any form New financing to prevent blind investment from increasing overcapacity.
6. How to strengthen small and micro enterprises and “three rural†financial services?
Small and micro enterprises and “agriculture, rural areas and farmers†are two weak links in the national economy. In order to increase financial support for small and micro enterprises, the Opinions put forward relevant requirements from the aspects of improving financial services and improving the external environment.
In terms of improving financial services, the "Opinions" clarified the goal of striving for the growth and growth of small and micro enterprise loans "two not lower than", supporting financial institutions to extend service outlets to close to small and micro enterprises, and broaden service content to meet small Micro-enterprise diversified demand, strict regulation of charging behavior to reduce the financing costs of small and micro enterprises, and constantly promote the strengthening of small and micro enterprises financial services. At the same time, the Opinions also optimized and improved relevant regulatory policies, including continuing to support the issuance of special financial bonds for small and micro enterprises, thereby increasing the source of credit funds for small and micro enterprises, and gradually promoting the regularization of credit asset securitization, thereby promoting financial institutions to revitalize funds. Support small and micro enterprises, moderately liberalize small additional insurance domestic loans, thereby expanding the financing sources of small and micro enterprises, appropriately raising the bad tolerance for small and micro enterprise loans, thereby enhancing the enthusiasm of financial institutions for small and micro enterprises financial services.
In terms of improving the external environment, the "Opinions" is to break through the credit problems of small and micro enterprises, and propose to support the integration of small and micro enterprises, promote the construction of credit systems for SMEs, and crack the information asymmetry between banks and enterprises; support local people's governments to strengthen To supervise microfinance companies and financing guarantee companies, encourage local people's governments to set up or participate in financing guarantee companies, guide the healthy development of financing guarantee companies, thereby helping small and micro enterprises to enhance credit; and encourage local people's governments to establish credit risk compensation funds. Effectively share the credit risk of small and micro enterprises.
For the “three rural†financial services, the “Opinions†revolved around the goal of “three not less than†for the “three rural†loans throughout the year, and increased financial support for “agriculture, rural areas and farmers†from three aspects.
First, promote the full coverage of rural basic financial services. By encouraging the establishment of service outlets in the blank towns of financial services, we encourage the adoption of various forms of simple and convenient services in a few townships that do not yet have the conditions for establishing standardized outlets, or use technology to achieve full coverage of basic financial services. The second is to promote agricultural modernization. Comply with the innovation trend of agricultural production organizations, and actively develop financial products that meet the characteristics of large-scale agricultural and rural business entities and agricultural products (6.37, -0.04, -0.62%) wholesalers, such as large professional households, family farms, new farmers' cooperative organizations and leading agricultural industrialization enterprises. And services, increase support. The third is to strengthen the reform and innovation of agriculture-related financial services. Innovate financing guarantee methods, expand forest tenure mortgage loans, explore pilot projects for large and medium-sized agricultural machinery, rural land contractual management rights and homestead mortgages; broaden the sources of funds for supporting agriculture, launch special financial bonds for “agriculture, rural areas and farmersâ€; (2.48, 0.01, 0.40%) The advantages of the management profession and policy concessions of the “Three Rural Finance Departmentâ€, and the expansion of the pilot provinces of the “Three Rural Finance Department†in the county.
7. How can finance promote consumption upgrading?
The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that it is necessary to firmly grasp the strategic basis for expanding domestic demand, and accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism to expand consumer demand and release the potential consumption of residents. Focusing on this request, the Opinions mainly emphasize the following aspects:
The first is to cultivate new growth poles in consumer finance. Traditionally, the credit demand for housing and bulk durable consumer goods is the main business of consumer finance. As the income of residents grows, the consumption structure continues to improve, and new consumer formats continue to emerge. Financial institutions must adapt to and promote consumption upgrades. While doing traditional consumer finance business, they should strengthen new consumer goods, as well as culture, education, tourism, and Credit support in the service and consumer sectors such as pensions, while promoting the modernization of consumer payment methods, improving the function of bank card consumption services, and optimizing the use environment.
The second is to develop new types of institutions for consumer finance. Consumer finance companies are a relatively new type of non-bank financial institutions. At present, four consumer finance companies have been set up in four cities in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chengdu. With its own advantages and characteristics, consumer finance companies have played a very good role in the bank's consumer credit business. The "Opinions" therefore proposes to gradually expand the pilot cities of consumer finance companies.
The third is to open up new focus of consumer finance. China is in the process of accelerating urbanization. How to do a good job in consumer finance business in urbanized financial services is a new topic facing financial institutions. The "Opinions" proposes to improve the matching and adaptability of financial services according to the consumption characteristics of groups such as migrant workers in the process of urbanization.
8. How can finance support enterprises to go out?
At present, the global economic structure is facing deep adjustment, and competition around the market, resources, talents, technology, standards, etc. is becoming increasingly fierce. The Opinions support the international operation of enterprises by adopting the following measures:
First, encourage financial institutions to provide convenient and efficient financial services for enterprises to “go globalâ€. The second is to implement a foreign exchange management system that facilitates “going outâ€, promote cross-border use of RMB, improve the foreign exchange management system for goods trade and service trade, gradually carry out pilot projects for personal overseas direct investment, further promote the opening of the capital market, improve the management of external debt, and strengthen Foreign exchange market infrastructure construction. The third is to broaden the source of foreign exchange funds for “going outâ€. Through the use of innovative foreign exchange reserves, we will expand the foreign exchange reserve entrusted loan platform and the commercial bank transfer loan channel to provide financing support for the main body of the foreign exchange.
9. What specific measures have been put forward for the "Opinions" to accelerate the development of multi-level capital markets?
Financial support for economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading must not only give full play to indirect financing functions, but also vigorously develop direct financing, broaden financing channels, reduce financing costs, and diversify financial risks. The "Opinions" proposed that the first is to improve the construction of the capital market system. Promote the balanced development of the capital market at all levels of the Main Board, SME Board and GEM, and further exert the functions of pricing, diversification and hedging in the futures market; second, optimize the institutional arrangements for the capital market. We will improve various systems for capital market issuance, pricing, mergers and acquisitions, etc., appropriately relax the financial access standards of the GEM for innovative and growth-oriented enterprises, expand the pilot scope of the SME share transfer system, and promote the interconnection and intercommunication of the bond market; It is to strengthen the construction of capital market entities. Standardize the management of non-listed public companies, standardize the development of various institutional investors, explore the development of M&A investment funds, use capital markets to promote mergers and acquisitions, encourage private equity investment funds, venture capital fund product innovation, and promote innovation and entrepreneurial SMEs. Financing development.
X. How to further play the role of insurance in safeguarding the economic transformation and development?
Insurance is one of the basic means of risk management under market economy conditions and an important part of the financial system. The adjustment of the economic structure of the insurance industry and the transformation and upgrading of the insurance industry must first fully utilize the role of insurance as an economic "stabilizer". The "Opinions" proposes to expand the coverage of agricultural insurance, promote new types of agricultural insurance, vigorously develop export credit insurance, encourage a package of insurance services for enterprises to "go global", pilot the promotion of microfinance insurance, and promote the development of domestic trade credit insurance. In order to effectively play the role of the insurance industry in enhancing agricultural anti-risk ability, supporting domestic enterprises to effectively respond to overseas trade and investment risks and enhance the credit of small and micro enterprises. The second is to give full play to the role of insurance as an economic “boosterâ€. According to the long-term and stable characteristics of insurance funds, the scope of application of insurance funds will be broadened, and the role of insurance capital service economy transformation and upgrading will be better played.
11. How to further promote private capital to enter the financial industry?
The entry of private capital into the financial industry is of great significance for mobilizing social funds into the real economy, promoting the diversification of the equity structure of financial institutions, and stimulating the vitality of financial institutions. The "Opinions" proposed to further promote the entry of private capital into the financial industry, give play to the positive role of private capital in rural banks, and try to initiate private banks, financial leasing companies and consumer finance companies and other financial institutions at their own risk.
Attempts to establish private financial institutions at their own risk by private capital, the reason why investors emphasize their own risks, mainly to prevent moral hazard and prevent the risk of financial institutions from failing to operate. This is in line with the market principle that the investment income and risk-taking are consistent, and avoids the risk disposal vacuum in the case of the financial institution's market exit mechanism is not perfect, or evolves into relying on state credit to provide implicit guarantee. Regarding the specific exploration direction, it may be considered to ensure that the main sponsor has the ability to bear the risk of failure of the financial institution's operation through relevant institutional arrangements, and at the same time classify and manage the liability business of such financial institutions, and effectively control the risk exposure.
12. How to prevent financial risks in economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading?
The contradictions and problems in the process of economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading will inevitably be reflected and reflected in the financial field, bringing potential and even real financial risks. To this end, the "Opinions" mainly require three aspects to prevent and resolve financial risks:
The first is to improve the risk warning and disposal capabilities. The financial industry should thoroughly investigate various hidden risks of financial risks, conduct stress tests in a timely manner, dynamically analyze possible risk trigger points, timely lock, and early warning. For exposed risks, it should be handled in a stable and orderly manner to strengthen the guidance and avoid new risks caused by improper disposal.
The second is to strictly focus on key areas of defense. Local government financing platforms, real estate, wealth management and “two highs and one surplus†industries are the current key financial risk areas. All financial institutions must strictly guard against the risks in the above-mentioned areas and strictly prevent and control them. In addition, financial institutions are also wary of cross-financial risks arising from cross-market and cross-industry operations, as well as external risks such as private financing, illegal fund-raising, and international capital flows.
The third is to optimize the credit environment. A good credit environment is a solid foundation for preventing and defusing financial risks. It is necessary to speed up credit legislation, promote the construction of a social credit system, form a culture of integrity, and strive to create a credit environment of “trustworthy incentives, disciplinary punishment†and create good external conditions for preventing financial risks.
Detailed Interpretation of the New Ten Articles of the State Council
Abstract At present, China's economic operation is generally stable, but structural contradictions are still outstanding. The financial operation is generally stable, but the problem of unreasonable distribution of funds still exists, which is not compatible with the requirements of economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading. In order to thoroughly implement the party’s 18th National Congress and the central economic work...
At present, China's economic operation is generally stable, but structural contradictions are still outstanding. The financial operation is generally stable, but the problem of unreasonable distribution of funds still exists, which is not compatible with the requirements of economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading. In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the party's 18th National Congress, the Central Economic Work Conference and the State Council's executive meeting, better play the supporting role of finance in economic restructuring, transformation and upgrading, and better play the basic role of market allocation of resources, better Give play to the synergy between financial policy, fiscal policy and industrial policy, optimize the social financing structure, continue to strengthen financial support for key areas and weak links, and effectively prevent and resolve financial risks. With the approval of the State Council, the following guidance is proposed.
Interpretation of "Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Financial Support for Economic Structural Adjustment and Transformation and Upgrading"