Autumn sowing seedling technology of solanaceous vegetables

First, the preparation of seedlings includes four tasks, one is to build a bed. Conventional seedlings use cold-bed impotence or greenhouses. When making a bed, you should choose a place that shelters from the wind, the terrain is high, and the water source is convenient. The second is to prepare nutritious soil. The bed and the bauxite should be piled up for 3 months of fertile soil. Generally, the soil or river mud is added to the human excrement, chicken manure, and grass ash to make nutritious soil to supply sufficient quick-acting nitrogen and phosphorus. Prepare to brew hot things in colder areas. The third is to improve the facilities and conditions, such as setting up greenhouses, covering multiple layers, installing geothermal lines, and controlling temperature and seedlings. The fourth is to prepare enough “free-plowing” soil conditioner and Shuofeng 481 for timely application before sowing and seedbed management.

Second, germination sowing period can be based on variety characteristics, planting period and seedling conditions. Early peppers and eggplants should be in the middle and late October , and tomatoes should be in mid- November . Seeds should be sterilized before sowing . Soak them in warm water at 55 °C for 15 minutes. When soaking seeds, pay attention to constant stirring and cooling. Then use 1 gram of Shuofeng 481 to soak 3 kg of water for disinfection, morning pepper, eggplant for 7 hours, and tomato for 5 hours. Eggplant should pay attention to washing, re-washing with water before germination, rubbing with sand cloth, remove the mucus on the surface of the seed. The soaked seeds are drained, kept warm, and placed in an incubator at 28 ° C to 30 ° C for germination. In order not to make the seeds germination too fast, the temperature can be used for germination, that is, 28 ° C to 30 ° C during the day , 16 ° C to 18 ° C during the night , 2 days for the tomatoes , 3 days to 4 days for the peppers , and 5 days for the eggplants . Before seeding, the seedbed is poured into the bottom water. After the water seeps, it can be sprayed “free deep tillage”, 0.05 kg per 100 square meters , 12 kg to 15 kg water , evenly sprayed on the soil surface, the bed soil becomes very moist, Can be planted with seeds. It is covered with fine soil and covered with a mulch. The amount of sowing is 100 grams of tomato and eggplant per 10 square meters, and 150 grams to 200 grams of pepper . If it is used as a commercial seedling, it can be diluted or broadcast without going through the stage of transplanting.

Third, the seedbed management seedlings before the seedlings in the bed, the temperature of the day and night kept 25 °C ~ 30 °C, the basic Qi Miao began to cool down, to prevent the seedlings grow long, the seedling growth period to maintain the daily temperature 20 °C ~ 25 °C, night temperature 10 °C ~ 15 °C, ground temperature At 20 °C, the relative humidity in the bed is about 70% . When the seedling grows 3 to 4 true leaves, the seedlings can be transplanted, and the seedlings can be transplanted to the prepared seedbed, or the seedlings can be transferred to the prepared bowl. When doing this work, choose a sunny day, preferably 25 °C ~ 28 °C during the day and 18 °C ~ 20 °C during the night . In order to promote the survival of the roots, the temperature of day and night can be raised to 25 °C ~ 30 °C ( about 5 days) in a short period of time. When the temperature is low, the survival rate of seedlings is significantly reduced, and dead seedlings, inverted seedlings, yellow seedlings, and rotten roots will appear. When the seedling grows to 7 true leaves, it can be sprayed with Shuofeng 481 (the seedlings can be rooted with Shuofeng 481 ), and the concentration is 5 grams of Shuofeng 481 to 30 kilograms of water . It should be noted that in the case of sufficient bottom water, the irrigation should be as little as possible before the spring, and it should not be wet. After the spring, the amount of water can be slightly larger. Watering should be carried out on sunny days from 10 am to 11 pm. If the seedbed is too wet, it can be solved by ventilation, drying the bed, and spreading the fine soil. The seedbed should also be ventilated to adjust the temperature and humidity and exchange for fresh air. In the first half of the day, the ventilation volume is from small to large, and when there is wind, the ventilating opening is in the sheltering direction. Throughout the seedling period, in addition to the rainy days and the days when the temperature is too low, the grass bags should be removed every day to maximize the chance of seeing light. The long-term yin turns fine, in order to prevent the sudden loss of water, the seedlings should be shaded in time. The bed soil is more fertile, generally not lack of fertilizer. If the seedling growth is stagnant and aging, 2 g of urea , 20 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used to spray 10 kg of water , and it can be sprayed into nutrient solution, but it can not be applied with concentrated manure or alone. Fertilizers such as urea and ammonium sulfate are applied. When raising seedlings in greenhouses, greenhouses or other protected areas, if the market is supplied as a commercial seedling, it may not be through the stage of transplanting, but the management must still strengthen the control of seedlings. The dense seedlings should be removed, the seedling distance should be maintained, and the seedlings should be strengthened. .