Energy Saving and Thermal Insulation Technology System for Buildings

The addition of high-efficiency flame retardants is easy to produce smoke and toxic gases in the fire. Most of the insulation systems used in the external insulation market today are organic materials, which involves the fire safety of an external wall insulation system. China is currently actively promoting the use of EPS foam as the main external wall insulation decoration system (EIFS), its advantage is to improve the building's energy-saving insulation coefficient. However, high-efficiency foams are flammable polymer materials. In order to solve this problem, according to the current conventional method, flame retardant technology with high-efficiency flame retardant is added to achieve the fire retardant function of flammable foams. The flame retardant problem is solved, but with the addition of high-intensity flame retardant, once the fire occurs, the smoke and toxic gas generated by the chemical reaction are released in multiple times, which brings serious safety hazards to people.

Most of the insulation materials cannot reach the grade of "non-combustibles". Currently in China, no matter whether the building structure is low, middle or even high-rise, the insulation system usually adopts three kinds of insulation materials: the most common is the expanded polystyrene board EPS, followed by It is a polystyrene board XPS, again polyurethane board PU. These three kinds of foam plastics are organic heat-insulating materials, and they are flammable when they are not fire-retarded. After the flame-retardant processing, it can reach the "non-flammable body" at most and cannot reach the "non-combustible body".

Therefore, the "thin plaster external wall insulation system" composed of the above three kinds of foams is a "composite wall." The EPS board, XPS board, and PU board shall be wall components. According to the requirements of the "Code for the Fire Protection of Architectural Design" (GBJ16-87) and "High-rise Civil Building Design Fire Protection Code" (GB 50045-95), the fire resistance grade above Grade III shall be used. The wall combustion performance of the components should be “non-flammable”, and the residential buildings in China are mostly multi-storey and high-rise buildings with 4 or more floors. The fire-resistant grades are all above Grade 3, obviously most of the insulation materials cannot meet the standards. .

Practice shows that due to the flammable exterior wall insulation materials, especially EPS foam can not reach the fire rating of more than three levels of the building wall as "non-combustible" provisions, resulting in fire cases abound.

In the above cases, we summarize the following points:

1. Three phases of exterior wall thermal insulation fire: material stacking phase; external wall thermal insulation construction; building use phase, in which the external wall external insulation is in the construction stage. Electric spark sparking is a fire-prone phase. Fire hazards can be described as running through the building. Throughout.

2. Since the energy-saving and heat-insulating materials for building curtain walls in China are mainly organic materials such as polystyrene board (EPS), extruded board (XPS), polyurethane board or spray (PU), and inorganic fiber materials such as rock wool and glass wool, they are resistant to Poor thermal performance, susceptibility to burning, and the disadvantage of easily releasing large amounts of heat and generating a large amount of toxic fumes during combustion have become the main cause of casualties caused by fire.

3, inorganic insulation materials, although the fire resistance is good, but easy to produce dust and small fibers pollute the air, at the same time easy to breed bacteria, directly endanger people's health.

China should gradually develop a variety of comprehensive performance indicators are more superior, truly beneficial to people's health, "green environmental protection" energy-saving insulation and fireproof new materials.

The new generation of energy-saving insulation fireproof decoration system should have the support and guarantee of high-performance insulation materials. That is to say, the fire protection performance of thermal insulation materials in China needs to be continuously improved and high-tech support.