Xi'an Decoration Classroom Chen Gong Decoration Encyclopedia

Xi'an decoration class Chen Gong decoration encyclopedia crack the industry decoration tips spend the least money can hold the best home Although the decoration of each family's income, value orientation, aesthetic taste is different, but when it comes to home decoration, all hope to have a It may be a good and cheap budget. In general, the decoration family should consider the following aspects when it comes to the decoration budget. 1. Calculate the material account At present, there are a lot of decorative materials stores and supermarkets, so long as you can visit several stores, you can ask the real price on the market. Then, let the decoration company list the detailed quotation of the used materials, and let them estimate the amount of use, so as to prevent some decoration companies from cutting corners. Achieving “know yourself and knowing each other” can better negotiate with the decoration company, and formulate a reasonable budget for the materials required for the entire renovation. 2. Calculate the design account If the decoration family is based on economy and practicality, generally you can design your own, at most please draw a picture; but if you want to pay attention to the full and reasonable use of space, the pursuit of personalized and artistic decoration, the most Good still ask the interior designer to do the design. The design cost generally accounts for 5% to 20% of the total renovation cost. This money should be taken into account before the renovation. When the designer hands over the design sketches to the decoration family, besides paying attention to the overall effect and comfort level, be sure to ask for specific details, such as whether it is firm and durable, so as to prevent potential hidden dangers. 3. There are many things that need to be done before the real-time start-up of a home improvement project. Make sure that sufficient time is allowed before the renovation. For example, the design plan, material procurement, inquiry, and budget must be in place. The more fully prepared the pre-phase, the faster the construction speed can be, and the lower the actual cost. The decoration families that prepare their own materials must also arrange the order of purchasing materials, which is slightly earlier than the decoration process, so as to prevent mistakes. 4. Calculate the equity account
Mission and Vision
The decoration fee is the largest part of the renovation contract, and must be considered a good equity account when signing a contract with a decoration company. The decoration expenses paid to the decoration company shall be determined according to the specific conditions such as the difficulty of renovation, the level of labor force, and past performance. The signing of the decoration contract is also a legal certificate that ensures that the decoration budget can be used rationally and whether it will overspend too much. The content of the contract should include the materials used, the designated brand, and the mutually agreed prices. And we must set detailed terms on the decoration time, progress and payment methods. The warranty period must also be specified in the contract, because under normal circumstances, it is difficult to find quality problems in the acceptance of the home decoration, and it will be exposed after a period of time. In general, the budget price of a decoration company consists of three parts: material costs, labor costs, and management fees. Among them, the contents of management fees are relatively many, including various management fees, rents and amortization, taxes, and reasonable profits. The general renovation company's preferential concessions are allowed to be carried out within a certain range. If the price of “defective price” exceeds this range, and the decoration company hopes to obtain this project, then “shake-for-work” in the subsequent construction is Inevitably, after all, no one will make a loss. So what exactly should be "price"? Special Topic: Self-Defense Counter-Strike Against Decoration Company 1. How accurate is the review drawing and how can it objectively review the decoration budget? Before reviewing the budget, you should first review the drawings. A complete set of detailed and accurate drawings is the basis for budget quotations, because quotations are based on specific areas, lengths, materials and processes used in the drawings. Drawings are inaccurate and the budget is certainly not accurate. . 2. Whether the project is complete or not. It is necessary to verify whether all the projects in the budget are complete or not. Do you list all the work to do on the budget table? Have you reported missing a door or missed the kitchen wall tiles? Baseboard and other phenomena in the bedroom. When these missing items arrive at the construction site, they must definitely do it. This will inevitably require re-applying the procedures for the increase of renovation projects, and increase unexpected expenses.
3. The unit of measurement affects the budget result. Take note of the unit of measurement in the budget book. In furniture production, the difference between the decoration companies is relatively large. For example, a large wardrobe or bookcase, some companies use extended meters, some use square meters, this time we must pay attention, because the furniture is usually calculated in terms of square meters, regardless of how high and wide, according to the number of square meters multiplied by the unit price The calculations, and the calculation of furniture with extended meters are highly limited. 4. The drawings and budget should be the same size. The specific amount of each project in the budget book can be checked against the drawings. For example, using the dimensions on the drawing to calculate the paving slab area is 60m2, then the budget book should be about 60m2, the data calculation should be quite rigorous and accurate, if the area calculated according to the drawings is 60m2, and the budget book is 65m2, this It is an obvious error. For some high-priced fitting-out projects, there will often be a difference of more than a thousand dollars. 5. The material and process descriptions should specify the decoration company should tell the decoration of the family, the reported price is composed of what materials, what process constitutes. If you see such a quote: "Doorens 38 yuan / m2 wall," this is clearly not specific enough. "Dolens" is a brand of wall paint, including many products, including interior wall paint, exterior wall paint, etc. Interior wall paint is divided into several categories. Each paint has many colors. From the point of view of construction technology, there are many differences between the materials used and the workmanship: the general brush is usually diluted with 20% to 30% of water and brushed twice, on the wall with moisture-proof requirements. Should also be added to the surface of the primer before the brush; for the treatment of the wall base generally have to brush alkyd varnish first back, then scrape 2 to 3 times putty leveling, dry thoroughly before painting latex paint. 6. Special Situation Special Budget In the construction process of home furnishings, it is inevitable that there will be some special construction situations, or the decoration and decoration family will put forward some special decoration requirements. At this time, the cost of renovation cannot be calculated at the normal quotation. For example, floor mosaics: Marble or floor tiles are to be charged separately. In particular, the floor is full of parquet, usually with an additional 30 yuan per square meter. This fee is often not reflected in the initial budget, and it is proposed separately on site according to the actual situation. For example, the waterway and circuit construction: The cost of reforming the waterway and circuit in the budget is difficult to calculate accurately at the beginning. Usually, a small portion is received in advance, and settlement is made according to the actual amount once it is completed. For example, it is 100 yuan a barrel of real goods, but some construction teams will secretly replace it with 50 yuan a bucket of fake goods, and then sell the real goods. In this way, the new middle ground is actually a fake 50 yuan per barrel. Of course, this is hard to see. Fish in the water Because most of the decoration families do not understand the process very well, some people use this to misrepresent the engineering process. Originally a process could be completed but it was reported as two. In fact, these added processes do not exist, and the decoration family will be transferred because of the materials purchased by these processes. A typical example is that when doing a masonry project, the decoration family often requires some additives (these additives are generally expensive). Although the use of additives in mason is present, some are not really added at all. The most obvious example of cutting corners is to ensure that the wires in the wall must be protected. However, some construction workers have removed the protection tubes and then rushed to close the trunks. In this way, it saves money and saves material, and it is a double benefit to the construction party. Today, in the home decoration industry, there is a widespread credit crisis. If the home decoration is a raw one, it seems that this tuition fee can't be saved. Either money falls into the material vendor's pocket or falls into the decoration company's pocket. But generally speaking, this money is spent on the decoration company. The decoration of the family will be better served and the total cost may even be saved. If the decoration company requested has a warranty period, then the money "invested" to the decoration company is better than the material supplier.
Nine wrong ways of home renovation can easily lead to safety accidents The safety of home decoration is often overlooked by people. In fact, accidents caused by wrong decoration methods are not rare. In general, the following points should be noted in the renovation project:
First, the home improvement should pay attention to the floor of the building not all paving marble. Marble is dozens of times heavier than floor tiles and wooden floors. If the floor is entirely covered with marble, the floor may become overwhelmed. Especially in the second floor or above, the weight of the ground decoration materials must not exceed 40 kg/m2 because of the house decoration not identified by the housing safety appraisal station.
Second, to carry out room decoration, do not arbitrarily wear holes in the load-bearing wall, dismantle the walls connecting the balconies and doors and windows, and expand the size of the original doors or windows or build windows and doors. This practice will cause partial cracks in the building and severely affect the earthquake resistance, thus shortening Building life.
Third, the decoration of balconies and bathrooms should use materials with small loads as much as possible because the over-loading of balconies can cause overturning.
Fourth, toilet water is a key link in the decoration. The general practice is, before decorating the toilet room, first stop the floor drain, put more than 5 cm of water, conduct the watering test, if it leaks, you must redo the waterproof; if you do not leak, you should also carefully lay the ground in the construction , Do not damage the waterproof layer and arbitrarily change the water and heating system.
Fifth, in the decoration of the house in order to pursue luxury, in the four walls covered with plates, ceilings inlaid with two or three-dimensional suspended ceiling, this kind of decoration practices are not desirable. Because the four walls are covered with plates, occupying a larger space will reduce the area of ​​the entire space, the cost is also high, and it is not conducive to fire prevention. A low ceiling will create a sense of depression in the entire room.
6. Use copper wire when selecting wires and avoid using aluminum wires. Due to the poor electrical conductivity of the aluminum wire, the wire is prone to heat, the connector is loose, and even a fire is caused during use. In addition, during construction, attention should also be paid to the fact that it is not possible to dig trench-embedded wires directly on the wall, and regular bushings should be used to prevent leakage and fire.
7. During the construction, attention should be paid to avoiding holes, holes, hanging ceilings, and installing art lighting fixtures in the concrete circular hole plate.
8. Interior decoration shall ensure the safety requirements for gas pipelines and equipment. Do not arbitrarily change or dismantle the pipeline so as not to affect the normal operation of the system. Also note that the net distance between the power line and equipment and the gas pipeline should not be less than 10 cm, and the net distance between the wire and the gas pipe should not be less than 3 cm.
9. Don't put the gas stove on the wooden cabinet in the kitchen decoration, and you can't wrap the gas valve in the wooden cabinet. Once the ground cabinet is on fire, the gas master valve will be difficult to close in the fire, and the consequences will be disastrous.
Preventing wood deformation to keep moisture content stable At present, many families have used wood products such as curtain boxes, heating covers, fixed furniture, wooden lines, and door and window covers in large quantities in the decoration. However, once the temperature and humidity in the room change greatly, some wood products will have problems such as cracking, warping and deformation. In fact, many quality problems in home decoration are due to the moisture content of wood products.

Waterscape Blues Home Real Estate Choice Wannian Flower City Whether it is solid wood or artificial board, all wood products contain a certain amount of moisture. Many consumers believe that the more dry the wood, the better. In fact, this view is biased. The moisture content of wood can only be maintained within the normal range to ensure that there is no quality problem in the decoration. For wood materials used in general households, the moisture content should be around 8%. If the moisture content is too high or too low, it will cause quality problems in the wood in the home improvement.

In order to keep the moisture content of the wood stable, you should pay attention to the decoration:

1. Use artificial board more. Compared with solid wood materials, the texture properties of various artificial boards are much more stable. Because the solid wood material has a texture, when the temperature and humidity change greatly, cracking, warping, and deformation will inevitably occur. The wood-based panel is to decompose wood into wood chips or wood pulp and re-make the boards. Because the original physical structure of the wood was broken, when the temperature and humidity changed greatly, the "deformation" of the wood-based panel was much smaller than that of the solid wood.

2, construction attention to detail. In home decoration, the key to the quality of wood is construction, especially the details:

After all the wood products are installed, paint them immediately. This layer is called "topcoat" paint, not only can protect the wood products, but also can play a role in insulating the water, to maintain the normal moisture content of wood; adhesive can not drown. In home decoration, white latex is generally used as a binder for joints of wood products. Some workers dip water in white latex in order to cut corners. Not only does this reduce the strength of the binder, but after the wood product absorbs moisture, it is prone to quality problems; all the wood is left for a few days. After you purchase the wood for decoration, it is best to put it on the decoration site for a few days before use. The purpose of doing so is to make the moisture content of wood close to the level of new homes.

3, be careful when buying materials. When you purchase wood for decoration, it is impossible to determine the moisture content of the wood with only your eyes and hands. So someone sighed: If you only rely on appearance inspections, the moisture content of wood can be described as “divine and difficult to distinguish”. In fact, there are some tips that can help you determine if the moisture content of the wood is acceptable. The characteristics of dry wood are generally obvious, the weight is significantly reduced, the feel is not cool, the sound of knocking is crisp, the sound of “squeaking” sounds when the planer is pushed, the wood shavings are heated, and the planer is light. The wood material with high moisture content has a heavy body, a cold feel, and is not brittle when pushed by a planer, and even the shavings produce water. This type of wood cannot be used.
Relief problems Wall four small scorpions choose coating not to be price Meng Huiyan Although we carefully selected the choice of paint, but due to man-made and weather conditions in the paint construction, the wall after renovation, often found some not Dedicated "defects." In response to different “defects”, Mr. Liang Shanglin, Technical Director and Senior Engineer of Sky Paint Co., Ltd., prescribed a prescription. Liang Shanglin introduced that in the decoration should be extra attention to take appropriate measures to achieve the right medicine, timely treatment.


Symptom 1  Cracking and peeling of the coating Cause: The coating showed cracks like the hair strands in the early stages and exfoliated at a later stage. Most of the paints were coated with poor adhesion and flexibility, over-dilution, or Insufficient pretreatment of the coating, wall or base surface, excessive hardening and embrittlement of the film after aging.

Recommendation: Remove loose and peeling paint with a spatula or wire brush, sand the surface and trim. If spalling occurs on multiple coats, water-resistant putty should be used if necessary. The primer must be closed before recoating. The use of good quality primers and topcoats can prevent the recurrence of such problems. Do not over-dilute the paint with water.

Symptom 2: Causes of mildew caused by plaque: Black, gray, or brown spots appear on the surface of paint or wall surfaces where moisture, light, or direct sunlight (such as bathrooms, kitchens, laundry rooms, etc.) cannot be seen. Before the use of inferior emulsion paint or coating, the substrate or the coating on the coating was not cleaned.

Recommendation: Place a few drops of household bleach in the area of ​​discoloration to detect the presence of mold. If the stain disappears, it may indicate mold. Wipe the surface with a diluted household bleach solution (one part bleach to three parts water) to completely remove the mold. Rinse thoroughly with rubber gloves and goggles while working. To avoid mildew on the walls, use a regular manufacturer's high-quality latex paint. If necessary, use a bleach/detergent solution to clean the substrate. Consider installing the exhaust fan in a high-humidity area.

Symptom 3: The coating is wrinkled. Cause: The paint is too thick at one time and the surface of the paint film becomes rough and wrinkled. Brushing in very hot or cold weather causes the surface of the paint film to dry faster than the bottom layer, exposing the uncured coating film to an excessively humid environment, and brushing the contaminated surface (if dust or oil is present) Thing).

Recommendation: Wipe or polish the surface of the substrate to remove the wrinkled coating. If you apply a primer, make sure the primer is completely dry before applying the top coat. When brushing again (to avoid extreme temperatures and humidity), apply a uniform layer of high-quality interior paint.

Symptom 4: Causes of yellowing of the coating: Common paints are often exposed to sunlight. After coming from above the stove, heating, heating pipes or other substances, yellowing is likely to occur. This is due to UV aging and The result of oxidation of other substances.

Recommendation: For strong sunlight or vulnerable areas, it is recommended to use high-quality anti-aging, light-resistant latex paint for decoration.

Do not choose to paint the price is covered by Hui Hui science use of paint is one of the keys to the success of residential decoration. Liang Shanglin, senior engineer, proposed that scientific coatings should be used. First of all, we must understand the function and quality of various coatings. Different applications should choose different coatings instead of higher prices.

Economical and durable type Recommended reason: According to the international engineering paint standard design, the construction is convenient, the paint film is strong, the environment is non-toxic, and it is suitable for any substrate.

Brushing area: 180 square meters / 18L barrels (once)

Scrub resistance: 800 times  Applicable place: General residential interior decoration and schools, office buildings, factories, commercial buildings and other places  Recommended: Sky color lacquer, master engineering lacquer brilliance type  Recommended reason: feel fine, high Covering power, easy construction, easy maintenance, environmental protection, non-toxic, strong adhesion.

Brushing area: 200 square meters / 18L barrels (once)

Scrub resistance: 5000 times  Applicable places: Bedrooms, living rooms, hotels, hotels, commercial buildings, office buildings and other places  Recommendation: 彩 彩 丽    Recommended reasons: The paint surface is soft and smooth, and feels full. Slippery, anti-mildew, anti-algae, excellent scrubbing resistance, strong lacquer surface does not hide dust, oil, environmental protection and non-toxic, can be integrated with modern elegant interior design.

Brushing area: 60-80 square meters/5L barrels (once)

Scrub resistance: 8000 times, 10,000 times  Applicable places: Children's rooms, kitchen and bathroom rooms and luxury houses, high-rise business office buildings, hotel restaurants, etc.  Recommendation: Sky Color lacquer, color lacquer  functional  Recommended reason: The title of the product recommended by the Antibacterial Association can effectively absorb bad gases in the air under conditions of ultraviolet radiation and oxygen, which can effectively inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, and is non-toxic and tasteless. , is an interior decorative functional paint that reduces the chance of bacterial cross-infection and contact infection.

Brushing area: 160 square meters / 15L barrels (once)

Scrub resistance: 3000 times  Applicable places: Children's rooms, toilets, hospitals, schools, kindergartens, air-conditioned rooms and other places  Recommendation: The price of anti-fouling paints for bicycles varies greatly  Reporter found from the market, regular brand The price of interior wall paint is divided into three grades: around RMB 10/kg, RMB 20/kg, and RMB 30 to RMB 40/kg. In general, domestic brands of the same quality are about 1/3 lower than those of “foreign brands”. The price of a paint product is determined by its inherent quality. Latex paints are mainly composed of film forming material (emulsion) and auxiliary pigment fillers. The best is pure acrylic emulsion, followed by styrene and vinegar-acrylic emulsion. The performance, price and formula of raw materials determine the grade of the product. The level of formulation and craftsmanship determines the quality of the product. Just as chefs cook and use the same raw materials, most people may be unprepared for cooking, while professional chefs make it taste and taste. Paint production is also a reason.

However, most consumers do not understand the basic composition of the paint, and they are unable to actively judge the quality of a bucket of paint and whether it is suitable for the wall surface being painted. Although consumers pay most attention to “raw material quality”, “product quality” and “brand awareness” when they purchase paint, most consumers believe that the quality difference between famous brands is not large, and 63% of consumers are more willing to save costs. And buy cost-effective coatings.

Liang Shanglin advised consumers to first look at the manufacturer’s quality system certification and related environmental system certifications and product testing reports for the current year when purchasing paint products; if conditions permit, merchants can open the barrel packaging to see if the paint is uniform, Floating color, stratification; view the actual painted pattern in the store. As long as you clear the brushed area, you can learn more about different companies, and you can buy a suitable coating product by comparing and analyzing. Liang Shanglin reminded consumers that the treatment of the grass roots is of utmost importance, and must use water-resistant putty products, latex paint accessory products, or elastic anti-crack putty. Do not use plaster type 821 putty.

Liang Shanglin said that surveys show that consumers have paid little attention to several important professional indicators such as leveling, splash-proof, and anti-blocking properties, which affect the quality of paint construction and painting effects. . Relatively speaking, high-grade latex paints are made of high-quality emulsions and additives, pigments and fillers, and the formula is advanced. The performance is significantly higher than the middle and low-end products. The main advantages are the smoothness of the coating film, full texture, simple construction operation, and good resistance to scrubbing. For example, the resistance to scrubbing of the skyscrapers on the market and the color lacquer on the market can reach more than 8,000 times, and the anti-aging and adhesion capabilities are strong. , And the color is stable, supporting the use of water-resistant putty series, can show silky visual effects and delicate feel. There are certain differences in the appearance and performance of middle and low-end products.

How to make a living room in a shaded living room Due to the orientation and the reason of opening windows, the light is not very good. This kind of shady living room is plagued by dark weather, causing a certain degree of psychological pressure on the family. The living room is a place for families to entertain guests, entertain and exchange, and how to create a gentle and relaxed atmosphere is very knowledgeable. Using some reasonable design methods to achieve the purpose of complementing the weaknesses, highlight the facade space, make the design more reasonable, and make the shady living room become bright.

The preferred method is to supplement the artificial light source. The light source can create an intriguing sense of depth in the three-dimensional space. Appropriately, some auxiliary light sources, especially fluorescent light sources, are mapped on the ceiling and wall to receive wonderful effects. In addition, light sources can also be used on light-colored paintings. , can play a good effect.
Another problem is the uniform color tone. The shady living room avoids some dull shades. Due to the limitations of space, overly prominent color patches will undermine the overall softness and warmth. Therefore, the smaller living room should use white enamel, maple veneer matte paint furniture, light beige matte floor tiles, wall surface can use light blue interior latex paint. Without destroying the atmosphere, beautiful cool colors can break through the dullness of the warm colors and better adjust the light.
Then increase the activity space as much as possible. The placement of realistic furniture in the hall creates some dead ends and undermines the overall coordination of shades. It is not difficult to resolve this contradiction. According to the specific conditions of the living room, suitable furniture should be designed. The wall display cabinet and TV cabinet should also be tailor-made to save every inch of space. This can also maintain the refreshing feeling in the visual sense. Nature looks bright.
In addition, a row of display cabinets can be designed according to the location of the heating in the living room, which can make full use of the dead angle, maintain a unified tone, and open a window for displaying the master's cultural taste. At the same time, it should be noted that in the ground treatment, light materials should be used as much as possible to avoid eating dark colors and increase the brightness of the living room.

Six-Family Home odor • Smoke is lingering in the room except cigarettes. After wiping or burning two candles in the room with a towel in vinegar, the smoke taste is eliminated.
• In addition to musty to prevent the smell of musty in drawers, closets, and suitcases, put a soap in it to eliminate musty smells.
• In addition to the paint-flavored walls or homes that are newly painted, they have a strong paint smell. Just place two basins of cold salt water on the floor to remove the painty smell.
• In addition to indoor odorless indoor ventilation, there is often a carbonic acid odor. A few drops of perfume or toilet water are dripping on the fan. Afterwards, fragrance will be slowly emitted in the future, and the room will be fresh and fragrant.
• In addition to the kitchen odor, the orange peel can be roasted on fire and the odor can be eliminated. Put a little vinegar in the pot, ignite it to evaporate, and also eliminate odor.
• In addition to toilet odor, place a box of cool oil in the lower corner of the lid to remove odors. A box of cool oil can be used for about 2 to 3 months.

Home improvement how to save tiles and reduce the cost of home improvement, if you want to save the tiles and reduce the cost, it is recommended to consider the following points:
1, find a designer, select the appropriate specifications, draw a row of bricks. Calculate the number of tiles according to the figure, plus the normal construction loss.
2. Select varieties that do not require high levels of “fight for colors” and “fight patterns” so that the cut half (or edge) can be used elsewhere.
3, adjust the plane, facade design, to avoid the riser, a small corner of this must be cut, easy to damage, waste of tiles.
4, clever use of waistline, other specifications tile mosaic color, floor circle line, vertical decorative lines, bathroom wall mirror size and other aspects of the design, enrich the effect at the same time, to avoid or reduce the cut tile.
5, master the home improvement "small blocks of brick, large blocks of fees" principle. Combined with the design effect, reasonable selection of small specifications.
6. Select high-quality ceramic tiles and high-tech workers to reduce unnecessary wear and tear during construction and cutting. Although the unit price is slightly higher, it still saves in the overall calculation.



Young people buy a house Raiders to see many new friends to buy a house headache! Write this to buy a house!
For entry-level white-collar workers with an annual income of around 30,000 yuan, especially for new employees, there is a lot of pressure to buy houses. Look at the prices of 4000-5000 yuan per square meter at a time when there is no way to get started! In fact, many people have not gone through careful analysis, not a little hope and no! The key is to plan carefully from the beginning!

General college graduates aged 21-22, payroll income between 1200-1500! With all kinds of legitimate income, the total annual income is about 30,000 yuan.
Marriage plan time is 26-27 years old! Have 5 years to prepare!
At the beginning of work, we must make up our minds and squeeze out 10,000 yuan each year as a purchase reserve fund! Considering the increase in interest and income over 5 years, there is a savings of 60,000! (Do not use for high-risk investment, because this is a home purchase fund, not an extra investment fund! The stability of the investment is more important than the yield!!)
Marriage is a matter for two people, so be sure to find a partner with similar income! Such two people can accumulate 120,000 yuan in 5 years!
House target: 70-100 square meters! Take the middle of 85 square meters, two people buy big! Children can change big, 10 years later!
what? You want to buy a villa! Two people can earn more than 150,000 yuan a year and I can teach you!
House price: 3500-5000! Take the middle price of 4250 yuan / square meter, in most cities in the country can buy a good lot of the house, Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and other places although the high prices, but the income is also high! !
The total price of this house is 361,250 yuan!
Before buying, we must establish a sense of debt to buy a house, if you want to buy it once I have no way!
At present, all over the country have established a provident fund system, the new employees to be deducted about 150 yuan per month to 26-27 years old is estimated to be deducted between 180-200 yuan per month, this is the resource!
Calculated by an average of 190 yuan, the unit will also need to pay you 190 yuan per month. The total is 380 yuan, and the two are 760 yuan.
Five years into the marriage, two people can withdraw about 40,000 yuan from the provident fund center! Buy a new home can use!
At present, the newest housing provident fund has a down payment of up to 80%. There is no way for you to buy second-hand housing.
80% of 361250 is 289,000 yuan, 30 years of loan (note that the longer the more worthwhile, although more interest is paid, but the initial repayment is less! The pressure is light, especially after all the provident fund can be put forward to use), the monthly repayment amount For 1418.32 yuan, it should be noted that the reserve fund paid in that year can be withdrawn according to the required procedures for repayment! This two people actually need to pay the monthly repayment amount is 658 yuan!
The 20% down payment for 361,250 yuan is 72,250 yuan. After deduction of the 40,000 yuan of the provident fund, we will pay 32,250 yuan for ourselves, so that the savings of the two people will be 87,750 yuan. Real estate licenses, land certificates, etc. need more than 7,000 yuan, the remaining 80,000 yuan! Renovation 40,000, furniture, appliances 20,000, married 20,000! Enough!
The original 20,000 yuan for the purchase of funds each year is only 7896 yuan for loan repayment. After marriage, the extra 12,104 yuan each year can be used to train your baby! !
In practice, everyone can adjust according to their own income and local housing prices!
And this program does not require the support of both parents. If you have support, it will be better!
Some units have a monetization housing split policy, which is more or less a little different from an average of 20,000 to 100,000!
Of course, this is a very ideal model. In the middle, there will be many obstacles!
If the provident fund system is different from place to place, some places have limited the maximum loan amount. If the maximum loan amount is less than 289,000 yuan, then the excess part can only be replaced by a commercial loan! Most afraid of not allowing public accumulation funds and commercial portfolio loans! ! As for the increase in repayments after interest rate adjustments, although there are changes in the short term, in the long run, as long as no hyperinflation occurs, the pressure on repayment will not be great! And the country will not allow residents' income and inflation to deviate long term!

Beware of hidden dangers at home (Figure)
In the era of pursuing personalized decoration, everyone is eager to have the best living space, living room, bedroom, children's room, bathroom, and kitchen. Each space is an integral part of family life. Filling in the middle of it, but some of the details in life that are not taken for granted, may be hidden in various hidden dangers at home, thus affecting our physical and mental health. â–  Living room articles (1) The softness of a sofa sofa is the same as that of a bed. It should not be too soft. Do not think that a soft and deep sofa will be comfortable. If the sofa is too soft, sitting for a long time can cause back pain and even affect bone health. Therefore, to purchase a comfortable sofa, at the time of purchase, it must be noted that the seating and backrest of the sofa should be adapted to the physiological structure of the human body. When buying, it's best to sit on the sofa and experience it comfortably.


Soft sofas are prone to back pain (2) The home theater with a large screen in the home theater can give people visual stimulation and enjoy extraordinary audiovisual effects, but the TV screen is too large. The larger the radiating area, the longer time you watch it will produce nausea, fatigue and other symptoms, vision will drop. Therefore, when selecting a television, it is considered that the size of the screen should match the room. When placing the TV, care should be taken to keep the screen center of the TV at the same level as the eyes. (3) Carpets Although the furry carpet can give people a warm feeling, it can easily induce people to suffer from asthma and cause allergic symptoms. This is mainly due to the hidden mites in the carpet. In order to avoid respiratory diseases such as asthma, you must choose a quality rug that is dust-repellent, anti-fouling, and abrasion-resistant according to your body. In addition, in order to ensure the carpet is clean, it is necessary to vacuum regularly, and for areas with more frequent activities, it is necessary to vacuum two or three times a week. (4) The lighting design with reasonable lighting can make the room produce a bright and spacious light, reduce visual fatigue, and make people feel more space. People go to work in the office during the day and have less outdoor activities. Working under long-term indoor lighting conditions will reduce the body's ability to absorb calcium. Therefore, when you are at home, you must pay attention to opening more windows so that natural light can enter the room. The lighting arrangement in the room shall ensure that the direction and intensity of the light irradiation should be moderate, avoid using a flashing light source, and prevent the visual fatigue caused by glare to the eyes. (5) Wooden floor The living room is paved with wooden floors. Many people will walk barefoot on the warmth of wooden floors. For a long time, I found myself feeling sore. In fact, it is people who neglect the characteristics of wood floors that are vulnerable to moisture and moisture. Walking barefoot on a wooden floor for a long time, cool air and moisture will be introduced into the body from the soles of the feet, causing rheumatism and other diseases. So, for the sake of your health, wear a pair of comfortable shoes.


Walking barefoot on the wooden floor, easy to cause rheumatism â–  bedroom articles (1) Mattress A soft and comfortable bed can often make a full day of rest for people who have a busy day. However, if the selected mattress is too soft, it will be counterproductive and affect the quality of sleep. Generally, when choosing a mattress, it should be selected according to the user's age, weight, height, and touch the elasticity and softness of the mattress. Most of the good mattresses have good elasticity and fit the natural curve of the neck, back, waist, buttocks and legs when the body is sleeping, so that the body's spine and various parts of the muscles get comfortable support during sleep. In addition, in order to avoid the breeding of bacteria on the mattress, the mattress should also be regularly replaced and cleaned. (2) When the pillow wakes up, if there are dizziness, headaches, tinnitus and other symptoms, it is most likely because the pillows at night are too high. Too high a pillow can often cause excessive pressure on the neck and cause cervical spondylosis. In order to ensure that the physiological curvature of the human body neck is not deformed, it is best to select a pillow that meets the ergonomic design. The height of the pillow should be between 10cm and 15cm. For pillows, buckwheat husks and pupa bars should be the first choice. The core also needs to have good elasticity, moisture resistance, air permeability and so on. (3) Ventilation Although the bedroom is a more private space, people often use thick curtains to shade the windows and block the dust and noise. However, the closed environment often causes the air to circulate, it cannot discharge the dirty air, and it is not conducive to freshness. The entry of air. Therefore, in order to keep the air in the home open and prevent the accumulation of polluted gas, bacteria can grow. Ventilation should be maintained for more than 20 minutes per day, and care should be taken not to set partitions near the windows. â–  Children's Room (1) Hue The child is naturally lively, curious about everything, and loves to paint everywhere. If the color of the children's room is dominated by large bright colors, it will inevitably cause the child to feel restless, and it will be more difficult to concentrate on the study. Therefore, the color of the room should be based on comfort and practicality, abandoning the cumbersome decoration. The hue of the room and furniture is also to be softened, and the color should not be more than four. In addition, an area should be set up in the room to hang whiteboard or wood, so that children's graffiti for a display space. (2) Desk Children are in a period of growth and development. Long-term reading life will be accompanied by their growth. Parents should fully consider the child's growth and development characteristics when purchasing furniture, and select some children's furniture with adjustable height. If the height of the desk chair is not appropriate, the child may suffer nearsightedness due to his proximity to the writing assignment. Therefore, when parents choose children's furniture, they should pay attention to selecting ergonomic tables and chairs. In addition, for the sake of children's safety, children's furniture should be selected with a round or curved edge. â– Bathroom Bathtubs work for one day and are physically and mentally exhausted. Most people will choose to take a refreshing shower to completely relax themselves. However, the use of bathtubs should also be carefully maintained in order to extend their life span and avoid unnecessary infections. In general, in order to ensure that the bathtub is clean and dry, the bathtub should be cleaned with neutral detergent after each use, but cleaning agents should not be allowed to enter the circulatory system. Before the next bath, you should use decoction to disinfect it. In order to filter out the impurities in the water, you can also buy a water softener to filter the water and enter the bathtub. â– Kitchen Fridge Food in the refrigerator can't be eaten at home. Most people choose to store the rest of the food in the refrigerator. Some quick-frozen foods are also used to long-term storage in refrigerators after they are bought home. In fact, food stored in the refrigerator can not block the growth of bacteria, on the contrary, it is a more hidden breeding ground for bacteria, especially when raw and cooked foods are mixed together. For the sake of family health, foods are eaten raw when stored. Cooked foods must be separated. All types of foods should be packed in crisper or fresh-keeping bags, and they should be sealed to avoid cross-contamination. Therefore, when using the refrigerator, it is necessary to timely clean the residues remaining on the inner wall of the refrigerator and the surface of the shelf, and apply a disinfectant to wipe. It is also possible to place a fungicide-removing garlic in the steam vent below the outlet and under the refrigerator. To ensure the cleanliness of the refrigerator, natural diarrhea, stomach discomfort and other symptoms will naturally not occur due to unhygienic food.
The installation of the decoration to a successful completion The end of the renovation, the more the test of the patience and skill of the decoration workers, in addition to the closing of some projects, it also involves a very important task - installation. For example, carpenters need to install furniture hardware, electricians need to install lamps, switch socket panels, plumbers need to install sanitary ware and bathroom hardware. These installations may seem inconspicuous. If you do not do it carefully, you will regret the original perfect decoration.

The biggest part of home decoration is wood work. Most wood products need to consider the problem of paint. Therefore, the installation time of wood product hardware must be arranged in advance to avoid “conflict” with the construction of the painter. The owner can The links are supervised so as not to damage the construction that the painter has already completed when installing the hardware; for the installation of the lamps and the switch socket panel, the wall brush coating or wallpapering should be performed after the completion to prevent the construction personnel from careless Break light umbrellas or scratch the panel. Although the owners can request rework when they are unsatisfactory at the time of acceptance, they have bothered both themselves and the construction team.

In addition, due to the low overall management level of the current home improvement industry, the quality of workers at construction sites is generally poor. Therefore, there are often problems when installing sanitary ware, and many construction sites have experienced the phenomenon that the installed bathtub was used first by construction workers. In recent years, complaint cases in this area have gradually increased. Therefore, people in the industry recommend that consumers should not install the sanitary ware before starting the acceptance of the project and before most of the construction personnel have evacuated the site. Otherwise, it is likely to be used first by construction workers and can be placed in the final project schedule.

Since installation is not a very technical job, consumers can also supervise the installation work of the decoration workers.

First, check the installer's installation tools. In general, construction workers who often do installation work in a certain area will usually have some special tools in their toolbox. Such as the necessary hand hammer, special screwdriver, various drills and so on. Workers who are temporarily caught by the foreman and work as a worker will generally have no easy tools in their hands. Instead of picking anything at hand, they are looking for Zhang Sanli to borrow. Of course, the job is definitely not much better.

Second, check whether the dresser's dress complies with safety regulations. As the current home improvement industry is still not standardized in terms of management, it requires strict practices in public works, but it is difficult to see at home improvement sites. For example, in the public works, strict requirements for electricians must wear insulating shoes, but there is no such requirement in the home improvement site. Even so, you can see from the dress code that the company management is in place. If you dress too casually, such as wearing slippers on the site, you should pay more attention. Finally, according to the product specification, it is monitored whether the worker's operation meets the requirements. If you do not understand the installation work and want to supervise the workers, you can supervise the operation of the construction personnel according to the relevant regulations in the product specification. In these specifications, drawings and easy-to-read drawings and related descriptions are often drawn. With reference to it, most consumers can find out whether the construction of workers is normative.
Office Decoration Considerations How do you create a good result within a limited budget when you decorate your office? You should always pay special attention to the following aspects in your design:



1. Pay attention to the performance of hue, it is necessary to have a unified but also certain changes.



2. Create a sense of professionalism.



3, pay attention to the permeability of the entire functional space and changes.



4. If you must use some kind of advanced material, you must be cautious and focus on coordination. Must not

--- Full use of materials to complete, otherwise it will not only cost much and its effect is not necessarily good.

--- A good office environment has improved the company's and employees' image while also delighting the guests and guests. It will certainly win certain business opportunities for the company.

Whoever is looking for home improvement, who is planning to carry out house decoration, often finds it difficult to find decoration companies or find construction team decoration directly. This requires the owner to carefully understand the relationship between the decoration company and the construction team, because the relationship between the decoration company and the construction team directly affects the construction quality.



At present, in the home improvement market, there are mainly the following relationships between decoration companies and construction teams:



First, the construction team and decoration company is a family. At present, only a few powerful decoration companies have their own construction teams. The personnel of these construction teams are relatively stable, and the quality of construction workers is generally high. Because it is a family, the decoration company's design intent can be better implemented. The construction quality of these construction teams is also guaranteed. Even if there is a problem, there will be no case of conflict. It is better to choose such a decoration company.



Second, decoration companies and construction teams have a relatively fixed cooperative relationship. This situation is currently more. Although these relatively fixed construction teams are administratively not affiliated with decoration companies, they have long-term cooperation and experience. Relatively speaking, the construction team has a better understanding of the decoration company's process standards and quality standards. As the decoration company can provide a relatively fixed business for the construction team for a long time, it can control the construction quality of the construction unit. It is also ideal to choose such a decoration company.

Third, the construction team and decoration company are temporary cooperation. This is the case for most decoration companies with less business. Because these companies do not have enough business to support a fixed construction team, they only temporarily “pull” the construction team when there is a business. This kind of "temporary cooperation" is the most prone to problems because the decoration company is eager to "digest" the project and rarely learns about the recruited construction team. Therefore, the construction quality cannot be guaranteed, and problems will inevitably arise.

Fourth, the decoration company and the construction team are subcontracted. After signing the contract with the customer, the decoration company subcontracts the contract to the construction team or another decoration company. That is, Party B signing the contract is a decoration company, but the actual construction unit is a third party. In this case of subcontracting, there is a relatively high probability of problems in the renovation project. Because the decoration company cannot control the quality of the construction in advance, there are more things to do afterwards.

After understanding the relationship between the decoration company and the construction team, it is not difficult for the owners to make their own choices. If it is the latter two situations mentioned in the article, it is better to sign a decoration contract directly with the construction team after considering the design plan. This means that there will be less intermediate fees and responsibility.当然，无论是找装饰公司还是直接找施工队，最好请装饰工程监理把关，这才是保证装饰质量的关键。 （摘自中国建设报）

花园室结构的改变



除非你能够搬到一个更大的地方去住，否则，若想要在原有的房子里获得你所想要的额外空间，最理想的方式便是扩建你的房舍了。 你大概会以为这是唯一的方法：不过，如果你重担不起，这里倒是可以提供一些作法，在无须变更屋子主要结构的情况下，达成你所想取得的效果。



花园室

兴建花园室。或温室。往最近非常盛行，我们姑且不论再造一间维多利亚式的花房得花多少钱，然而，在每一座花园中央，你都可以看见一个展示的基准。如果我们以铝门落地窗来做区隔，或许看起来不够漂亮，但是绝对比大兴土木去建一间温室；经济实惠得多。



你所做的一切决定都必须以白己的预算为考量基础。可是，如果你有一座花园，并且也打算稍作割捨的话，盖一间「花园主」其实是扩展室内空间的好法子，并且它将会与屋子里的其他房间迥然不同。



搭建一个全是透光玻璃的房间，对绝大多数人来说都是一个相当崭新的经验，然而那些拥有温室的人却常常说，那已经是他们生活中无法获缺的一部分了。但事实上，如能有一个面对花园开展的室内空间，其实也很具魅力，因为她同时有将整座花园带入室内的效果。



此外，比起砖造的花园室或玻璃温室，它还有另一个便利之处， 那就是不需要再经过兴建核准的手续。当然，最好还是事先去和地方上负责办事的官员打声招呼。



即使你家里没有花园，仍然能够享有温室。可以聘请专业的设计师在屋子的後面增建，他们通常会利用屋後两阳台问的空处，或任何有足够空间的地方进行设计。只不过，这麽做必须花不少钱，如果你负担不起，或不想这麽做的话，你也可以只请专家来为你规划地点， 提供意见。这点钱是值得花费的。

选购卫浴学问多多掌握四个步骤买放心卫浴居博会上有这么多卫浴品牌，怎样才能选到自己满意的？ 认证机构五花八门近日，记者在建材市场采访时发现，各大商家几乎都把质量认证书放在店堂内最醒目的位置，仔细一看却发现认证机构五花八门，如“中国轻工业认证中心”、“中国某某标志认证委员会”、“保护消费者权益基金会”等。
专家提示：国家卫生陶瓷专业委员会的负责人指出，消费者选购卫浴产品时应擦亮双眼，以避免受误导。
釉层厚不代表无菌一些商家自吹其卫浴洁具全部使用的是进口釉料，釉料的层数比国产货厚，所以洁具的釉面光滑，容易冲洗，而且釉层厚才可保证无菌，长期使用能保身体健康。
专家提示：实际上，多少层釉料都不重要，只要产品表面的光洁度达到国家标准即可。
高温不等于质量好记者在不少卫浴专卖店发现，一些表面看似相同的洁具，价格上能差几百元。某些店主解释说，他卖的都是高温陶，绝对的高温无菌，价格自然贵些。而便宜的是低温陶，质量没保证。
专家提示：高温陶、低温陶，纯属商业炒作，与洁具质量无关。这些高低温度只是烧成温度，烧制时温度在1300摄氏度以下时更有利于节能。低温也不等于质量不好，只要成品符合国标准行。
记者范直庆四个步骤买卫浴专家指出，市场上的卫浴产品琳琅满目，消费者可以通过“看”、“摸”、“听”和“对比”四个步骤来购买。
一看：消费者可选择在较强光线下，从侧面仔细观察卫浴产品表面的反光，表面没有或少有砂眼和麻点的为好。 Products with a high brightness index use high-quality glazed materials and a very good glazing process. They have good reflectivity to light and thus have good visual effects.
Second touch: You can use the hand to gently rub on the surface, it feels very smooth and delicate as well. You can also touch the back and feel that there is a fine feeling of "rustle".
Three Listening: The surface of the ceramic can be tapped by hand. The sound of a good ceramic material being knocked is relatively crisp.
四比：主要是考察吸水率，吸水率越低的越好。 Ceramic products have a certain adsorption and penetration ability for water. If water is sucked into the ceramic, it will have a certain degree of expansion, which will easily cause the glaze on the ceramic surface to crack due to expansion. Especially for toilets, if the water absorption rate is high, dirt and odor in the water can be easily absorbed into the ceramic, and unpleasant odors will be produced over time.

浴室污垢如何去除在家大扫除，拖地擦窗比较方便，就是厨房与浴室的卫生相当难搞。以下是几个简便的招术，可以使浴室常用常净。 浴室内的镜子由于长期处于潮湿的环境中，
所以会产生水雾令视物模糊不清，用干、湿毛巾都很难清理。可以先在镜子上涂一层香皂，再用干燥的抹布抹干，镜子就重新恢复了清晰。此方法同样适用于浴室内的玻璃台面、支架及面盆等。 如果不想在浴室内见到斑斑点点的青黑色霉菌，最好的办法是每星期用稀释后的酒精喷洒一遍浴室；如果你发现浴室的角落已经长了霉菌点，也可以用棉球蘸适量酒精擦拭。淋浴喷头使用时间长了会出水不畅，通常是因为水垢积聚，可以将喷头拆下，浸泡在食醋中两小时，取出后，用牙刷刷掉软化的水垢就可以了。而水龙头的硬水沉积物，用柠檬切片擦拭便能消除。
消费者应如何选择与保养床褥睡眠是我们生活中重要的一部分，一天的睡眠最少需要6.5至8个小时，几乎占了我们每天3分之1的时间。那么，怎样才能有一个好的睡眠呢？挑选适合自己并舒适、健康、耐用的床褥就成了关键的因素。那么，消费者应如何选择、使用与保养床褥呢？深圳雅兰家具有限公司是这样介绍的： 是否越硬的床褥就能对人体提供良好的承托呢？其实并非如此，床褥承托效果的判断标准在于弹弓本身的受压及回弹力的表现，而床褥的垫料则是用来增加床褥的舒适度，接触肌肤的床褥面料必须更加地讲究，一般有防燃、防螨、防静电等多种选择。 应该花费多少钱去购买床褥呢？选择一张有名气、有口碑的床褥是有必要的。举个例子：150cm×200cm床褥￥4500/张÷10年÷365天＝￥1.23/晚，这样平均算下来，每个晚上只需花一元多钱，即可拥有健康、高质量的睡眠。 多大的床褥最适合？睡眠问题专家提供的建议是主人房：180cm*200cm，父母房：150cm*190cm，儿童房：120cm*190cm。 弹弓床褥应配什么样的床架？市场上的床架有原木床架、铁制床架、软包床架等，各式各样。挑选适合弹弓床褥的床架是关键，目前最理想的是用原木夹合板制成的床板，较其他类型的床板而言，最大的特点是平整不容易弯曲变形，最能提供平衡可靠的承托。对于床脚而言，建议您最好用床脚与地面紧贴的床架，这样可以避免垃圾、灰尘、虫的进入，或是选用容易推动的，便于打扫，以保持床底的干净卫生。 此外，在床褥的面料和颜色选择上，床褥花凹凸越大，床褥表面会较松软，且在铺上床单的时候会觉得不够美观，破坏卧室的整体效果。每个人对美的要求和理解上都各不相同，但建议床褥面布的花色不能太复杂、对比色不能太艳丽，一般选择比床罩略浅的颜色为宜。 当床褥出现问题的时候，应首先联络购买床褥时的经销商。建议消费者购买床褥时，应充分了解床褥生产厂家的历史和口碑。床褥买回后要注意做好清洁保养。如果不慎弄脏床褥，可以用稀释肥皂液来除床褥表面的污渍，再自然风干，切勿用风筒或熨斗。A.在沿海地区，受海洋气候的影响，空气比较潮湿，要注意保持卧室内的空气流通，在有条件的情况下，每天至少开冷气30分钟。B.可以定期（每三个月左右一次）把床褥的底面和头尾翻转，让床褥的不同部分都能均匀受力，使床褥寿命更长。 在摆放时也要注意床褥与环境的搭配：A.卧室的光线不能太明亮，不能有噪音。B.卧室的主灯（天花灯）不宜安装在床褥顶的天花，否则会产生压迫的感觉，主灯宜安装在床褥侧旁或房间的角落位置，床头灯不宜装得太高，应离床褥面50公分为佳。 那么，什么时候需要更换床褥呢？一般床褥使用的时间超过了十年就需更换。其他迹象包括：A.起床时觉得腰酸背痛，B.起床后觉得睡意还浓，C.在床上久久不能入睡，D.每晚易醒，E.床褥有味不清除，F.床褥表面有凹陷，G.床褥有响声，等等。

怎样选择和安排婴儿的小床？
Experts suggest: After the child is born, it is best to have a safe, comfortable and convenient crib. A well-designed crib is not only a guarantee for the child's healthy growth, but also provides parents with a variety of facilities to ease the burden on them.
Usually the baby's sleep time is quite long, and good sleep plays a vital role in his development, so to ensure that his sleeping environment is not only safe and comfortable, the choice and arrangement of cribs has become exceptionally important.婴儿床的选择： 1.安全标准：安全始终应当放在第一位来考虑，婴儿床必须符合严格的安全标准。 2. Bed edge fence: try to choose a cylindrical fence, the distance between the two fences should not exceed 6 cm to prevent the baby from sticking his head out from the middle. Some mothers prefer cribs with more complicated patterns and more ornaments. In fact, such beds are not safe for children. Because the carved decoration on the bed or bed is easy to catch the child's clothing, when the child tries to break free, there is a possibility of collision and injury. 3. All surfaces of the crib must be painted with a protective layer to prevent cracking. The baby who is tusksing likes to use the mouth to pick things up. Therefore, the bilateral rails of the bed edges must be equipped with protective covers. Parents should pay attention to the fact that the crib of metal materials must not contain elements harmful to children such as lead. 4. Cushioning pads: The easy-to-tear pads made of plastic around the crib can protect the baby's head. The cushion must have at least six knots; keep the tied straps to a minimum length to prevent the baby from getting to the neck. Once the baby has stepped on the pad, he should remove the pad because they may become stepping stones for the baby to climb out of the bed. 5. Mattress: When the mattress is adjusted to its highest position, it should be at least 25 cm away from the edge of the bed. The mattress should be tightly integrated with the bed frame to prevent the baby's probe from entering. Traditional cotton bedding is a good choice for mattress selection. 6.调位卡锁：婴儿床两边的床缘通常有两个高低调整位置，这些调整控制必须具有防范儿童的固定卡锁机能（即儿童无法自己把床缘降下）。 Some cribs have a unilateral adjustment control that reduces the chance of accidental release. 7. Decorative pattern: The surface of the crib should not be affixed with a sticker. If the sticker is opened, the child is likely to tear it off and plug it into the mouth. Moreover, the typographic paper with a

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