How to plant potted cucumber? Potted cucumber planting technology

Potted cucumber growth environment

temperature

Cucumbers are warm and not cold. The fertility temperature is 10 to 32 °C. Generally, the temperature is 25 to 32 ° C during the day and 15 to 18 ° C during the night. The optimum temperature is 20 to 25 ° C and the lowest is about 15 ° C. The most suitable temperature difference between day and night is 10-15 °C. Cucumber has poor photosynthesis at 35 °C, high temperature barrier at 45 °C, and freezing at -2 to 0 °C. If low temperature refining can withstand low temperatures of 3 °C.

illumination

The South China variety is more sensitive to short-day sunshine, while the North China-type variety has strict requirements on the length of sunshine. It has become a neutral plant with sunshine, its light saturation point is 55,000 lux, the light compensation point is 1500 lux, and most varieties are 8-11. Under short daylight conditions, the growth is good.

Moisture

Cucumber yield is high and water demand is large. The suitable soil moisture is 60-90%. The moisture in the seedling stage should not be too much, and the soil moisture is 60-70%. In the result period, sufficient water must be supplied, and the soil moisture is 80-90%. The suitable relative humidity of cucumber is 60-90%. If the relative humidity of the air is too large, it is easy to cause disease, resulting in reduced production.

soil

Cucumbers are wet and not resistant to cockroaches, but also to fertilizers and fertilizers. It is advisable to choose fertile soil rich in organic matter. Generally prefer soil between pH 5.5 and 7.2, but the pH is preferably 6.5.

Method for planting potted cucumber

1, characteristics:

India, native to southern Asia, is a plant that likes high temperatures, high humidity and sunshine. 95% of the fruit is water, and the evaporation of the leaf surface is large, which is a vegetable with a very large amount of water, but no water can be accumulated in the root. Cucumbers are also very fat and require a lot of fertilization.

Flowers are divided into male flowers and female flowers, and male flowers are more than female flowers. The sun is too long, causing falling flowers, and the dense foliage can reduce the falling flowers. Therefore, when the seedlings are sufficient, the base fertilizer should be sufficient to promote the growth of the branches and leaves.

2. Requirements for pots and nutritional preparation

Pots are best with pottery pots, followed by porcelain pots. Enamel basin. Tubs and plastic basins, etc.

The size of the basin. There is no uniform size for the shape. In order to achieve a certain yield of cucumber, the volume of the pot cannot be large, the diameter should be more than 20 cm, and the pot height should not be less than 15 cm. The hole in the bottom of the basin cannot be sized. It is best to use a "five-eye" basin. If it is a single-hole rough eye, the bottom of the basin should be buckled to prevent the soil from leaking out of the hole.

Because of the limited volume in the pot, the nutrient soil must be rich in organic matter and nutritious. The nutrient soil formula has the following types for reference.

1) Take fertile sandy soil (60% of vegetable fields without melon crops), 20% of dried manure, 20% of decomposed manure, and 200 g of carbendazim per cubic meter of culture soil.

2) 50% of fertilizer field soil, 40% of circle fertilizer, 10% of furnace ash, 1.5 kg of diammonium phosphate per cubic meter, 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate, and 200 g of carbendazim.

3) 40% of fertile soil and 30% of peat soil. 20% of decomposed horse manure, 10% of decomposed chicken manure, plus 200 g of carbendazim per cubic meter. After the nutrient soil is prepared, it is placed in the bottom of the basin and all around, leaving a certain position in the middle, so that the seedlings with soil can be planted when planting.

3, nursery:

Raise seedlings with nursery pots. Three melon seeds are buried in each pot, and after growing 3-4 true leaves, the seedling leaves the most robust one. Seedlings need to get more sun, pay attention to watering and heat preservation.

4. Colonization

The colonization method is the same as the bed planting method. The number of plants to be planted in each pot depends on the size of the pot. One pot per pot is planted in the pot, and 2 plants can be planted in the large pot. The melon seedlings with the bandits are planted in the center of the basin. The depth of planting is preferably about 3 cm from the basin after watering the topsoil. If the soil is too much, the planting is too shallow, the water capacity is small when watering, it is difficult to meet the demand for water of the cucumber; if the filling is too small, the planting is too deep, the watering is easy to be excessive, and it is easy to cause rotten roots.

The watering amount of the planted water must be well mastered, and the potting soil can be thoroughly poured without any accumulation of water. Generally, the soil is not sealed immediately after planting the seedlings, and after the water has been infiltrated, the soil cover is used again.

5. Management after colonization

1) Cultivating loose soil. 2 to 3 days after planting, use bamboo poles or iron shovel to plough the pine around the pot. When loosening the soil, don't hurt the roots, and the soil will be on the soil to form a middle high and low, so that the water can fully penetrate into the bottom of the basin. Because the amount of soil in the basin is small, the water capacity is limited, the soil is dried quickly, and the upper panel knot is easily formed. Therefore, each time after pouring water, it should be timely ploughed, loosened, and protected.

In order to prevent the soil moisture from evaporating too quickly, you can cover the mulch on the pot surface, or cover the soil surface with some saws. Sand, etc., to prevent soil compaction.

2) Watering. The watering technique of potted cucumber is basically the same as the basic principle of bed planting. The difference is:

1 water capacity is limited,

2 is not affected by groundwater. The surrounding area of ​​the 3 pots is exposed to the outside air and the amount of evaporation is large. Therefore, the watering characteristics of potted cucumbers are that the amount of watering is small each time, and the number of waterings is high. Otherwise, it grows on the roots of the basin wall, and when it encounters water shortage, it is prone to burn roots.

Before the knot is made, do not water too much to keep the soil dry. The leaves are not worthy of the degree. During the flowering of the root melon, it cannot be watered too much. After the formation of the root melon, the number of watering should be gradually increased, or water should be poured once a day. In the afternoon, for some dry pots, some water can be poured. The number of watering times depends on the cultivation form and weather conditions. Open-pit cultivation has more watering times than protected areas; summer watering is more than spring and autumn.

The time of watering, winter and early spring should be poured after the temperature rises in the morning, it is not suitable to water in the morning and evening; in summer, it should be poured in the evening or in the morning, not at noon.

When watering in winter and early spring, do not pour with cold water. It is best to preheat the water in the house before pouring it. It can also be poured with well water.

3) Topdressing. Potted cucumber nutrient soil is more fertile, but because of the small size of the pot, the total amount of fertilizer is not much. In order to increase the yield of cucumber, it is necessary to make the plants adequately nutritious, so it is necessary to carry out top dressing. When topdressing, be sure not to overdo it, otherwise it will be easy to have roots and dead seedlings. It is advisable to master a small amount of times. Topdressing is mainly based on chemical fertilizers. Use ammonium nitrate generally 3 to 4 grams per pot per pot, up to 5 grams at most; chase urea 2 grams per pot, up to 4 grams. The sheep's hoof is a good fertilizer for topdressing. The sheep's hoof is soaked in water, fermented, and then poured. Where possible, sheepshoe water can be used in combination with chemical fertilizers. Watering should be done in time after each fertilizer application. Cucumbers usually have to be topdressed 6 to 7 times in their lifetime. If there is a condition to chase the nutrient solution better, the formulation of the cucumber nutrient solution is: adding 190 g of ammonium sulfate, 537 g of magnesium sulfate, 589 g of monocalcium phosphate, 915 g of potassium nitrate, and 337 g of superphosphate in 1000 liters of water. It can be applied after dissolving and mixing.

The root coefficient of potted cucumber is less than that of bed planting. It is difficult to achieve high yield by soil topdressing only. It is necessary to carry out foliar topdressing and the method of topdressing of leaf fertilizer. The type of fertilizer and the concentration of spraying are the same as those of conventional cultivation.

4) Insert the vines. Potted cucumbers are generally inserted into the pots with 2 pillars in each pot, and the lower end is inserted into the potting soil; the upper ends are tied together. When potting in the greenhouse. Mostly, it is placed on the north side of the greenhouse, and the potted plants are placed on the shelf. The distance from the melon to the top of the greenhouse is small, the pillars should be shorter, and when the pillar is inserted, it should be inclined to the north, and the upper end of the pillar is fixed on the greenhouse beam. In order to reduce the shade of the pole, the sling method can also be used. The potted melon at the top of the house (floor), because of the wind, the frame is easy to fall, when the frame is inserted, the frame can not be too high, and it should be tied. If it is a group basin, it can be arranged together for various types of shelves, single row or double row ladder frame.

In the form of tied vines, due to the short restriction of the frame, the vines are made by bending the vines or spiraling the vines. Each 3 to 4 leaves are tied together. While tying the vines, remove the male flowers and tendrils.

6, repair:

Flowers that are opened before transplanting must be removed, otherwise the results will be affected.

Before the seedlings are put on the shelf, all the side buds are removed to promote the growth of the main vine. After the shelf is placed, the vines are allowed to grow. After the main vine climbs to the top of the frame, the main core is removed to control the height. The diseased melon should be removed in time.

7. Harvesting:

When the cucumber is tender and the skin is dark green, do not wait until the melon skin turns yellow.