A team of researchers at the University of California, Riverside, has developed a new architecture of silicon anodes that can be used up to 16 times faster in lithium batteries. The new design is built on a tapered carbon nanotube material in a 3D structure. It can make the battery 40% lighter than the original, but it can carry 60% more electricity than the original, which will make the charging speed about 16 times faster.
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Since lithium batteries are widely used, a lot of research has been done on them to improve their performance. Research on finding "perfect" electrode materials has never stopped. In the commercial field, the current anode is mostly made of graphite carbon, and can carry 370 mAh per gram (370 mAh/g specific capacity). If the anode is made of carbon nanotubes, the performance can be doubled to about 1000 mAh/g. Further research found that silicon is a better battery anode material. Because it has a specific capacity of 4200mAh / g. Provides more than 10 times the performance compared to current commercial batteries. Direct use of silicon anodes does not work properly in existing lithium battery structures. Since silicon and lithium react inside the battery, it expands to 4 times the normal size.
Now, researchers at the University of California, Riverside have developed a new architecture to apply silicon to the anode of lithium batteries. Not only can it carry more power per unit weight of material, but it can also charge up to 16 times faster. The researchers first constructed a layer of graphene sheets and constructed columnar nanostructures using columnar carbon nanotubes. Finally, they used a mild inductively coupled plasma to make the columnar nanotubes into a tapered structure, and finally they deposited amorphous silicon on them.
The lithium ion battery using the anode of this structure also exhibits extremely high stability in the rapid charge and discharge cycle, and the anode can reach 1954 mAh/g (which is five times the performance of the conventional anode). A specific capacity of 1200 mAh/g remained after 230 charge and discharge cycles. If this battery technology can be mass-produced, it is believed that the impact on the smart phone and electric vehicle industries is enormous.
New lithium battery anode material allows charging to be completed in minutes