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During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, industrial energy conservation work faced many pressures. On February 22, the National Bureau of Statistics released the “Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development in 2011â€. In 2011, the national energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP fell by 2.01%. There is a big gap in the 3.5% energy saving target set at the beginning of 2011. According to preliminary calculations, the total energy consumption for the whole year reached 3.48 billion tons of standard coal, an increase of 7.0% over the previous year. The arduousness of energy-saving work can be seen. At the end of 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission and other 12 ministries and commissions jointly issued the “Wan Enterprise Energy Saving and Low Carbon Action Implementation Planâ€, which is an extension of the energy conservation actions of thousands of enterprises during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, and also realized the “12th Five-Year Plan†GDP energy consumption. Important support and guarantee for reducing the 16% and reducing the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17%. What are the policy measures introduced by the state for industrial energy conservation? In the promotion of energy-saving technologies and funding, what other problems need to be solved? A few days ago, our reporter conducted an in-depth interview. Why is the energy-saving task difficult? With rapid economic growth, the space for technological energy conservation is becoming smaller, and new energy development faces many constraints. “The indicators are stricter, more restrictive, and more stressful.†Zhou Fuqiu, director of the Energy System Analysis and Research Center of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, summed up China’s “Twelve Five-energy saving situation. According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the energy consumption per unit of industrial added value in China has fallen by more than 25%, and the industrial energy saving has exceeded 650 million tons of standard coal, supporting the industrial added value with an annual energy consumption growth of 6.98%. The annual average growth rate is 11.57%. According to the newly released "Industrial Transformation and Upgrading Plan (2011~2015)", during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's industrial added value energy consumption will be reduced by 21% from the end of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan". Industry experts have warned that to see the achievements, it is even more difficult to see the task. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China's industrial energy conservation has made great achievements, but the two problems of "not falling and rising" cannot be ignored: data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology show that since the "11th Five-Year Plan", China's total industrial energy consumption has been increasing year by year. Increased from 1.595 billion tons of standard coal in 2005 to 2.4 billion tons of standard coal in 2010, accounting for 73% of total social energy consumption from 73.9%; steel, non-ferrous metals, building materials, petrochemicals, chemicals and electricity The proportion of energy consumption in the six high-energy-consuming industries to total industrial energy consumption increased from 71.3% to about 77%. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's energy conservation situation is still grim. "According to the plan, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP will be reduced by 16% in the next five years. According to the economic growth rate of 8.5%, the cumulative energy savings in the next five years will reach 670 million tons of standard coal." Dai Yande, deputy director of the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission Say. In his view, whether the "12th Five-Year" energy-saving index can be completed is the key to industry. China's economy is in a stage of rapid growth. The long-term extensive economic growth model and its huge inertia have increased the difficulty of structural energy conservation and emission reduction. At the same time, after the efforts of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the potential space for technology energy conservation and emission reduction is shrinking, and the development of new energy sources faces many uncertainties and many constraints. It is understood that the "12th Five-Year Plan for Industrial Energy Conservation" prepared by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has been issued recently and will be announced soon. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said at the seminar on industrial energy conservation policy practice held recently that during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the stocks and control increments will continue to be optimized. On the one hand, the backward production capacity withdrawal mechanism will be improved, and on the other hand, strict industry access will be introduced to promote the industry. Structural transformation and upgrading; we must increase support for energy-saving technological transformation, comprehensively improve the management level of enterprises, and accelerate the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries; at the same time, we must improve fiscal, taxation, financial and other incentive policies and strengthen international cooperation. How to determine the energy efficiency indicators of enterprises? Energy audits and assessments should be conducted for relevant enterprises to find out how much the energy-saving potential of enterprises is based on the “Measures for Energy-saving and Low-carbon Actions of Wanjia Enterprisesâ€. The enterprises involved in this operation refer to the annual comprehensive energy consumption of 10,000 tons. The key energy-using units above the coal and related departments designated by the relevant departments with an annual comprehensive energy consumption of 5,000 tons of standard coal or more have a total of about 17,000 in the country. The energy consumption of these enterprises accounts for more than 60% of the total national energy consumption. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, these enterprises should achieve the goal of saving 250 million tons of standard coal. Anyone of the industrial energy-saving project of the Beijing Office of the US Energy Foundation's China Sustainable Energy Project said: "Now, this implementation plan has just been announced, and the provinces are distributing energy-saving indicators to relevant enterprises. This process is difficult." Dai Yande believes that because the technical level of the company is different, it is necessary to conduct energy audits and assessments of relevant enterprises to find out how big the energy saving potential of the enterprise is. In this regard, Bao Jian, Minister of the Ring Group of Baosteel Group said: “Strengthening energy-saving work will help enterprises reduce costs and enhance competitiveness. Therefore, enterprises also have their own energy-saving and emission-reduction targets. However, the current level of technology of enterprises determines the reduction. The size of the potential. If the same goal is determined for different levels of enterprises, advanced enterprises may be difficult to complete.†He admits that in order to achieve the “Eleventh Five-Year†energy-saving goal, Baosteel’s work in the last year is Very hard, even sacrificed some corporate interests. Therefore, they hope that the relevant departments can fully communicate with the enterprise when determining the energy conservation goals of the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, and Baosteel will certainly complete the target tasks assigned by the state. Song Zhongkui, executive deputy secretary-general of the China Energy Conservation Association, also stressed the importance of energy auditing and evaluation. He believes that when determining the enterprise's energy-saving goal, it is necessary to first diagnose the energy-saving diagnosis of the enterprise, and clarify the gap between the energy-saving technology and the current state of the enterprise, in order to determine the energy-saving quantity; secondly, pay attention to the economic cost of energy-saving technology implementation; To achieve energy-saving goals, there must be a certain guarantee mechanism. Where is the promotion of energy-saving technology? Enterprises do not know enough about energy-saving technologies, and it is difficult to identify and select them. The trading mechanism of energy-saving technologies still needs to be improved. According to the data provided by Zhou Fuqiu, during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the contribution rate of technological progress to energy conservation accounts for about 50%. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, it is necessary to realize the binding indicators of energy conservation and emission reduction, and the promotion and application of energy-saving technologies However, it is not uncommon for energy-saving technologies to be promoted. Where are the obstacles? How to solve this problem? Dai Yande said that China has attached great importance to the development of energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies, but some technologies have not achieved the expected results in use, and many technologies cannot be used in an ideal state. Previously, the relevant departments have issued four batches of energy-saving technologies, but the penetration rate of many technologies is not high. What are the reasons? Dai Yande gave such an analysis: on the one hand, due to information asymmetry, enterprises do not know enough about energy-saving technologies; on the other hand, when enterprises start looking for energy-saving technologies, they do not know how to face various technologies. In addition, when the company decides to carry out energy-saving renovation, the source of funds needs to be resolved. “Not only must it be feasible, but also economically reasonable. If a technology does not have these two attributes, it will not have the value of promotion.†Dai Yande believes that during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, relevant departments and industry enterprises still have to add Research and development, demonstration and promotion of large technologies. Some industry experts have reminded reporters that according to their investigations in Japan, the United States and other countries, most of the energy-saving technologies are now in the hands of large enterprises. "I don't object to big companies taking more technology. But these big companies are doing research and development. At the time, it has often protected its existing commercial interests, which is unfavorable for many SMEs." Because the relevant energy-saving technology catalogue update is not timely, the information that companies sometimes get from various channels is not up-to-date, or even outdated. At the same time, the trading mechanism of energy-saving technology still needs to be improved. It is necessary to build an effective communication platform for technology researchers and users, so that enterprises can more easily obtain energy-saving technologies and facilitate communication between enterprises. As a frontline practitioner, Dai Jian believes that tracking technical information is very important. To truly master an energy-saving technology, it needs to go through various channels and for a long time. It is best to start from the source of energy conservation and emission reduction, because once the production process is finalized, there will be many difficulties in re-engineering. He specifically mentioned that some energy-saving technologies are really good, but whether they are adopted should be considered systematically. For example, many steel companies are in a state of oversupply, but there are also some technology-oriented companies that recommend technologies to increase gas recovery. "These technologies can indeed recover more gas, which can not promote the efficiency of steel enterprises." He believes that at present, the energy-saving technology of the metallurgical industry has yet to be broken, because some technologies still have problems in economics. How to build a proper energy management system? Forming a responsibility system of “who uses energy and who managesâ€, which enables energy management to establish an energy management system from energy system coverage to energy efficiency. It is a clear reference to relevant enterprises in the Implementation Plan for Energy Saving and Low Carbon Action of Ten Enterprises. One of the requirements. Experts believe that the energy management system is an outline of these enterprises' energy-saving and low-carbon actions, and the outline can only be witnessed. How do you create your own energy management system for these companies? Baosteel's experience in this area deserves a lot of reference from enterprises. "Baosteel's energy management system is also a process of gradual development. At the beginning, it only had an indicator management system, and then gradually explored and perfected it to form an energy management system that is now 'three streams and one state'." Dai Jian said. This system takes "three streams and one state" (energy flow, manufacturing flow, value flow, equipment status) as the core, and through the identification and control of on-site energy sources, forms a responsibility system of "who uses energy and who manages". Through the identification and control of energy efficiency factors, the controllability of energy efficiency is greatly improved, and energy management covers all aspects of energy efficiency from energy system coverage. The so-called energy efficiency factor refers to factors that affect energy conservation goals and energy efficiency in the company's production, products and services. This can expand the scope of energy management from energy systems to production management, equipment management and cost management. The process yield, unit switching times, equipment failure time, etc. are not in the scope of energy management but have a greater impact on energy efficiency. Indicators are included in the scope of energy management. In practice, Baosteel found that when a single production plant is carrying out energy-saving renovation, there are problems such as slow progress and lack of coherence in technical application. To this end, Baosteel has accelerated the application of energy-saving technologies in a special way. At present, Baosteel has completed two comprehensive energy-saving projects, namely energy-efficient power plants and high-efficiency furnaces and kiln, involving dozens of sub-projects such as lighting energy-saving, fan system frequency conversion and energy saving, and heat exchanger efficiency, with a total investment of more than 500 million yuan and annual energy savings. It can reach 75,000 tons of standard coal. In March last year, Baosteel Co., Ltd. took the lead in passing the national energy management system certification among domestic steel enterprises, and the “three-stream one-state†energy management and control system achieved good social and economic benefits. "Now, we are looking for our own shortcomings in comparison with the ISO50001 energy management system, and strive to pass the certification as soon as possible." Dai Jian said. As one of the main designers of the ISO50001 system, James Quinn, North America's chief representative of the Industrial Productivity Institute, believes that this system can help business managers better balance energy-saving needs and cost-benefit when making decisions. This system requires companies to conduct energy audits and energy assessments to understand their energy use and to identify energy-saving opportunities and methods. It also requires senior management to participate in energy efficiency management to ensure that the energy management system is implemented throughout the company. Implementation. Many experts have mentioned the human factors in how to promote enterprises to establish an energy management system suitable for their own development, thereby promoting the in-depth development of energy conservation work. JamesQuinn believes that personnel training should be done to let them know how to conduct energy audits, assessments, technology promotion and application, and ensure that energy-saving technologies are effectively implemented. In Dai Yande's view, the most important thing is to promote the implementation of relevant policies and measures, management systems, and new technologies. In the face of increasingly fierce market competition and severe resource and environmental pressures, Baosteel proposed the concept of environmental management. The so-called environmental management is to integrate environmental protection with enterprise development, and to carry green throughout the whole process of production and operation. When talking about the future development, Dai Jian believes that with the deepening of energy conservation work, the scope of enterprise energy conservation work will become wider and wider, and more cooperation and support between enterprises and industries will be needed. At the same time, deepening the cooperation of industry, university and research, related policies and financial support are all necessary.
What is missing in enterprises to deepen energy conservation?