North China winter wheat scientific fertilization guidance

(1) There is a problem


The amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer is generally high, and the efficiency of fertilizer production is reduced. Insufficient application of organic fertilizers, lack of trace elements such as zinc.


(2) Fertilization principles


1. According to the level of soil fertility, appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer;


2. Adding organic fertilizer, implementing corn stalk returning to the field, and promoting the application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer;


3. Nitrogen fertilizer is applied in stages, and the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the middle and late growth stages is appropriately increased;


4. According to the soil potassium condition, apply potassium fertilizer efficiently; pay attention to the combined application of zinc and other trace elements;


5. Fertilizer application should be combined with high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques.


(3) Fertilization advice


1. Under the condition of more than 600 kg per mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 14-18 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 8-10 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K2O) 8-10 kg/mu;


2. Under the condition of 500-600 kg per mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 12-14 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 6-8 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K2O) 5-8 kg/mu;


3. Under the condition of 400-500 kg per mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 10-12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 4-6 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K2O) 0-5 kg/mu;


4, under the conditions of 400 kg per mu: nitrogen fertilizer (N) 8-10 kg / mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 3-4 kg / mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 0-5 kg ​​/ mu.


Fertilizer operation: If organic fertilizer is applied to the base fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer can be reduced as appropriate. For zinc-deficient soil, zinc sulphate can be applied 1-2 kg/mu. One-third of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, and 2/3 is applied as top dressing at jointing stage; all phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are used as base fertilizer. When the yield level is below 400 kg/mu, the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer as base fertilizer and top dressing can be half.


The dryland wheat can be appropriately increased in proportion to the base fertilizer, and the scientific fertilization guidance program should be formulated and released according to local conditions.