"Building Thoughts" and "Humanity Management" for Fruit Tree Planting

China's fruit tree cultivation technology has developed rapidly in the past 30 years, such as dwarf dense planting, carving and stripping, seasoning pruning, application of growth regulators. However, while these measures are promoting the progress of China's fruit industry, its negative effects are also expanding, such as the death of many trees, the difficulty of rebuilding, and the poor quality of fruit. How to transform the idea of ​​fruit cultivation on the basis of “manually changing or destroying the growth law of fruit trees”?

Scientific "Healthy" Thought

“Jianzhi” is to cultivate a robust and moderate tree. Through reasonable cultivation management and scientific fertilization, it provides balanced nutrition to fruit trees, cultivates a moderate and moderate tree, and has the strongest immunity. Fruit trees are less sick or sick. . Even in the season of high incidence of pests and diseases, Japanese orchards have almost no obvious pests and diseases, precisely because of the "jianzhi" thought and early immunization prevention.

However, many fruit farmers still firmly believe that only pesticides can control pests and diseases. Therefore, what they are most concerned about is not "jianzhi", not "preventing immunity", but looking for special effects pesticides everywhere, and the results are half the battle.

The “new thinking” suggests that from the perspective of plant nutrition, physiology and pathology, the most effective and economical way to control pests and diseases is to establish a “healthy planting” idea. How to "build health", scientific and rational fertilization is the most important work, for example:

1. Reasonable application of potassium fertilizer to promote the formation of cellulose and lignin, making it difficult for bacteria to invade. Appropriate amount of calcium, zinc and boron can effectively improve the stability of fruit and leaf epidermal cell membrane, reduce the leakage of small molecule nutrients such as glucose and amino acids, and reduce the infection of pathogens.

2. Zinc has the ability to directly poison pathogens, has a fixed effect on the virus, hinders the upward movement of pathogens, and rationally applies zinc fertilizer on fruit trees to effectively reduce the occurrence of viral diseases and lobular diseases. Copper and manganese also have certain toxicity to pathogenic bacteria and play some bactericidal effects.

"Humanization" of fruit tree management

Enterprise management advocates “humanization” and allows employees to create greater value. In the management of fruit trees, respecting the growth laws of the fruit trees themselves, giving affection to the fruit trees, and treating them as carefully as their own children, the return is inevitable. Most of the domestic fruit farmers have the eagerness to make a quick profit. They are the killers of the fruit trees (the typical ringing of the years), frequent head-to-head grafting, and the abuse of hormones to kill chickens and take eggs. Its drawbacks are also endless, such as dead trees, small old trees, re-emergence, heavy disease, hormone poisoning, low yield, poor quality, etc. are threatening production. "New thinking" suggests that measures to reinvent trees should not be used (such as ring stripping), and measures that interfere with and change the growth laws of fruit trees should not be used (such as hormones), and the measures that force early results of "quick success" should not be used (such as excessive planting, Young trees are loaded early). In fact, fruit tree production is a labor-intensive industry, and most of its cultivation techniques are reflected in the input of labor. If technical measures are understood as labor-saving or opportunistic, it is a misunderstanding of fruit tree technology.

The "humanization" management of the orchard can be learned from Japan and South Korea, and can learn from the United States and Chile. The fruit farmers in these areas always put the four factors of soil, seedlings, ventilation and light in the first place, and the high standard of construction is the foundation. They do not advocate saplings to prematurely break their own growth rhythms. On the fat water, they are also suitable for the best, refinement and not abuse, not a lot of good. They called the topdressing "Rifei", which means that the fruit growers respected the fruits of the fruit trees and voted for them. They strictly control the cultivation density and yield. Take sweet cherry as an example. The yield of open field cultivation is controlled at 550 kg/mu, which requires a certain distance between the inflorescence and the inflorescence. Each inflorescence has a maximum of three fruits. The tree is robust and the quality of the fruit. They always maintain the principle of regularity, order, and balance. They implement the cultivation and management of fruit trees with the idea of ​​"humanization", so that people, nature, and fruit trees can achieve harmony and unity, that is, to ensure that the tree body is always strong and moderate, and that the output is guaranteed. Quality and efficiency.