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The three-axis CNC EDM machine processing technology is a three-axis linkage EDM technology independently developed on the basis of many years of experience in mold processing. It adopts a number of new technologies to overcome the shortcomings of the single-axis EDM machine function. The operation is simple and easy to learn, and it is the development direction of current EDM technology.
1 Three-axis CNC EDM machine performance characteristics
(1) Three-axis linkage side repair. This machine is designed with two side repair patterns (square and round) and two ways (repair and no bottom). The angular rectangles are flat-bottomed, and the round or multi-curved ovals are flat-bottomed. During the side repair process, the tool electrode moves toward the workpiece at an angle. At this time, the tool electrode is simultaneously from the middle to the outside (X direction and Y direction), from top to bottom (Z direction), and the numerical control automatically controls, that is, the three-axis linkage . This type of movement is not easy to deposit carbon, easy to exhaust and exhaust, does not cause arcing, high production efficiency, uniform surface and bottom roughness, and reduces labor intensity compared to single-axis translational EDM. When machining the X-axis directional cavity, the X-axis can also achieve three-axis linkage side repair.
(2) X-axis lateral machining is open to the mold, which has unique advantages, high clamping precision, and productivity up to 20% lower than Z-axis machining.
(3) It is suitable to lift the knife. The erosion introduced in the basic principle of EDM must be eliminated in time to achieve the balance between generation and elimination. Otherwise, it will not work normally and affect the processing efficiency. Generally, the timing lifting knife is to raise the knife according to the length of time regardless of the presence or absence of corrosion in the cavity. The so-called self-applying lifting knife is that the removal of the etching in the cavity is greater than the discharge when it is stable, and the knife is not lifted; when the etching in the cavity is greater than the discharge, the balance is broken, and the machine automatically lifts the knife and uses the work. The liquid suction discharges the excess eclipse, and when the balance is reached or the discharge is greater than the generation, the lifting of the knife is stopped, and the efficiency is improved.
(4) When the EDM machine is working, the arc or the etched material is not discharged smoothly, which may cause a fire. When there is a pulling arc or a false short circuit in the row cavity, a resistance is generated between the electrode and the workpiece, and the state is neither short-circuit nor open circuit, the energy of the power source continues to release heat energy in the electrode and the workpiece, and the temperature of the tool electrode is higher and higher. Even with the introduction of kerosene caused a fire. In order to be safe, the machine adds special control in the control circuit. When the arc or false short circuit is generated, the pulse power supply is cut off immediately, the energy supply to the cavity is stopped, the electrode temperature does not continue to rise, and the fire is reduced. may.
(5) Energy saving. The machine tool has reduced the low-voltage loop current limiting resistor in the circuit, that is, the heat generated by a 50A power supply with a current limiting resistor of 2KW is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced, which is 20% more than the power consumption of the similar power source.
(6) In the process of cavity machining, the general pulse power supply is to send a series of pulses into the gap. Due to the complicated situation in the gap, the breakdown is not the initial of each pulse, but a break time later, which causes the spark The effective pulse width is narrow, and the randomness of the pulse is narrowed by about 30%. The pulse with unstable pulse width increases the loss of the electrode of the tool. The machine adopts a high-voltage breakdown method after high-voltage breakdown, and the pulse width is equal. It has been proved that this pulse method further reduces the loss of the tool electrode, the processing surface is rough and uniform, and the tool electrode end face loss is almost zero.
(7) The use of one electrode for rough finishing saves the manufacturing time and cost of the two electrodes, eliminates the troubles caused by the finishing electrode correction, and shortens the time for mold manufacturing.
2 Conclusion
Since the single-axis EDM machine has no side repair function, since the tool electrode is relatively large, the two electrodes, that is, the roughing electrode and the finishing electrode are used. Since the three-axis EDM machine has a side repair function and low tool electrode loss, an electrode can be used for finishing.
The three-axis CNC EDM machine processing technology is a technological advancement in electric machining. With the promotion and application of this technology, it will also be widely used in the EDM industry.
Features of three-axis CNC EDM machine processing technology
Foreword