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First of all, what is a plant growth regulator? A plant growth regulator is a chemical structure that artificially mimics the phytohormone or extracts from microorganisms and has phytohormone activity. Plant growth regulators are substances that have similar physiological and biological effects by artificial synthesis and phytohormone after understanding the structure and mechanism of action of natural plant hormones. They are used in agricultural production to regulate the growth process of crops to achieve stable yield. Increase production, improve quality, and enhance crop resistance.
In terms of efficacy, it can be divided into several categories: the first is plant growth promoters, common are gibberellin, naphthaleneacetic acid, brassinolide, ethephon, etc.; the second is plant growth retardant, For example, chlormequat, paclobutrazol, fluridazole, etc.; the third category is plant growth inhibitors, chlorpheniramine, abscisic acid, bud buddan, etc. fall into this category; and one type is preservative.
The scope and dosage of plant growth regulators are widely used in agricultural and forestry production in the world. There are more than 100 varieties of products that have been commercialized abroad, including vegetables, fruit trees, cotton, tobacco, rice, and wheat. Crops such as corn and soybeans.
At present, there are 41 varieties of plant growth regulators registered in China. According to China's " Pesticide Management Regulations", plant growth regulators are within the scope of pesticide management. Only plant growth regulator products that have obtained pesticide registration and obtained production licenses can be produced, operated and used.
In the use of plant growth regulators, care should be taken to use them properly. In fact, the plant growth regulators registered for use have their scope of use and dosage, and not a plant growth regulator for a variety of plants. In addition, plant growth regulators have provisions for the use of dosages. If the dosage used exceeds its allowable range, it will not function as a growth regulator, but will affect the yield and quality of the plant.
Introduction of several famous plant growth regulators 2,4-D: The chemical name is 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, which is a white rhombohedral crystal which is soluble in most organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers and ketones. Insoluble in water. In practical applications, 2,4-D can be used as a plant growth regulator when it is at a low concentration of 300 ppm or less, and is used to prevent the fall of flowers, fruit, and fruit of tomato, cotton, pineapple, etc., and to be used at a concentration of 500 ppm or more. Stem and leaf treatment can control broadleaf weeds such as alfalfa and alfalfa in the crop fields such as wheat, rice, corn and sugar cane, and grass weeds in the germination stage. It is a selective herbicide . 2,4-D appeared in the 1940s and is the world's first selective herbicide with an important position in the field of herbicides.
Chlorpyrifos: a phenylurea plant growth regulator having cytokinin activity, was invented by Professor Sutoshi of the Pharmacy Department of the University of Tokyo, and researched and developed by Japan Concord Fermentation Co., Ltd. In 1980, under the approval of the Japan Plant Regulator Research Association, in the name of KT-30, Concord Fermentation began a nationwide effect test. Later introduced by China. Widely used in agriculture, horticulture and fruit trees, promote cell division, promote cell expansion, promote fruit hypertrophy, increase yield, mainly used for cucumbers, kiwis, alfalfa, grapes, melons, watermelons and other fruits and vegetables.
Gibberellin: A plant growth regulator that promotes elongation of stems and leaves, increases plant height, and promotes seed germination and plant flowering. It is used in crops such as potato, tomato, rice, wheat, cotton, soybean, tobacco, fruit trees, etc. to promote its growth, germination and flowering results; it can stimulate fruit growth and increase the seed setting rate, and has significant effects on rice, cotton, vegetables, fruits and so on. The effect of increasing production.
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Several notes on science plant growth regulators