Classification and specificity of microbial fertilizers

1. For a long time, there have been some misunderstandings and prejudices in the view of microbial fertilizers in society . One view is that it is highly effective, treating it as a universal fertilizer, and even threatening to completely replace fertilizer ; another view is that it is not a fertilizer at all. In fact, both are biased. Verification test out at home and abroad for many years, inoculated with Rhizobium soybean, peanut and other legume symbiotic nitrogen fixation can improve the effectiveness, does have the effect of stimulation, the rational application of fertilizer dressing or other microbial fertilizer administration of the non-legume crops also yield effects, the fertilizer and there is less than the effect. Therefore, we believe that it is a fertilizer, and it is different from traditional fertilizers and organic fertilizers in terms of concept and connotation.

Second, the types of microbial fertilizers According to the current function of bio-fertilizer products, microbial fertilizers can be divided into two major categories:

　　 1. Through the life activities of the microorganisms contained therein, the supply of nutrients of plant elements is increased, thereby improving the nutritional status of the plants and leading to an increase in yield. It is a variety of rhizobial fertilizers, mainly used in legumes, which can form nodules on roots and stems ( leaves ) of legumes , and assimilate nitrogen in the air to supply main nitrogen nutrients to legumes. .

　　 2. Its products also through live microorganisms which cause life activities contained in crop yield, but is not limited to a key role in improving the level of supply of plant nutrients, but also including various types of plants themselves produce a growth-stimulating hormone stimulation of plant growth It antagonizes the pathogenic effects of certain pathogenic microorganisms, activates minerals such as phosphorus and potassium fixed by soil, so that it can be absorbed and utilized by plants, helping plant roots absorb water and various trace elements and increase production. The crop straw is decomposed and promotes the fermentation of organic waste. These can be referred to as microbial fertilizers in a broad sense.

Third, the characteristics of microbial fertilizer Microbial fertilizer is a living fertilizer, its role is mainly based on the life activities of a large number of beneficial microorganisms it contains. Only when these beneficial microorganisms are in vigorous breeding and metabolism can material transformation and beneficial metabolites continue to form. Therefore, the type of beneficial microorganisms and the vitality of life activities in microbial fertilizers are the basis of their effectiveness, unlike other fertilizers based on the form and amount of major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Because microbial fertilizer is a live preparation, its fertilizer efficiency is closely related to the number, intensity and environmental conditions of living bacteria , including temperature, water, pH, nutrient conditions and the rejection of indigenous microorganisms in the soil. Therefore, Pay attention when applying it.

Fourth, the special role of microbial fertilizers Microbial fertilizers and some other fertilizers do not have a special role. The brief introduction is as follows:

　　 1. Improve the role of fertilizer utilization. With the large use of chemical fertilizers, it is a well-known fact that its utilization rate is decreasing. This shows that a large increase in volume only by application of chemical fertilizer to increase crop yields range of issues is limited, not to mention environmental pollution. To this end, scientists in various countries have been striving to explore ways to increase the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers to achieve balanced fertilization and rational fertilization to overcome their drawbacks . Microbial fertilizers have a unique role in solving this problem. Therefore, according to the type of crop and soil conditions and our country, the use of microbial fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, can guarantee the production, but also reduce the amount of fertilizer, reduce costs, while improving soil and crop quality and reduce pollution.

　　 2. The role of green food production With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, especially people's requirements for improving the quality of life, both domestic and foreign are actively developing green agriculture ( ecological organic agriculture ) to produce safe, pollution-free green food. . Green food production process requires no or minimize the use (or limited use) chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides and other chemical substances. It requires that the fertilizer must first protect and promote the growth and quality of the applied object: secondly, it does not cause the object to be produced and accumulates harmful substances ; the third is that it has no adverse effect on the ecological environment. Mihara is consistent with the above microbial fertilizer. In recent years, China has made a variety of microbial fertilizers with strains with special functions, which not only can alleviate or reduce the pollution of agricultural products, but also improve the quality of agricultural products.

　　 3. Microbial Fertilizer role in environmental protection in the use of microbial fermentation of particular functional decomposition of municipal solid waste and agricultural waste microbial fertilizer is made effective way economically viable. Has been applied mainly two ways, one is the large number of municipal solid waste as raw material processed by the processing plant directly into microbial organic compound fertilizer; the second is a special factory production of microbial fertilizer (bacteria agent) supply to the composting plant (field ) , and then pile up various agricultural and livestock materials to speed up the fermentation process, shorten the cycle of composting, and improve the quality and maturity of compost. There is also the microorganism fertilizer use as a soil decontamination agent.

　　

　　 4. Improvement of soil microbial fertilizer effect beneficial microbes capable of producing carbohydrate, accounting for 0.1% of soil organic matter, combined with plant mucilage, mineral and organic colloids embryo can improve soil aggregate structure, and to enhance the physical properties of the soil Reduce the loss of soil particles and, under certain conditions, participate in the formation of humus. Therefore, the application of microbial fertilizer can improve the physical properties of the soil and help to improve soil fertility.