Analysis and development of new ceramic tool materials

With the deepening of the research and development of special ceramic materials, the proportion of ceramic tools in the metal cutting and processing industry has been expanding. With the development requirements of the aerospace and aerospace industries, it is necessary to meet the requirements for improving the cutting efficiency of workpiece materials such as Ti alloys and Ni-based superalloys, and special ceramic tool materials will make greater contributions.

The emergence of new ceramic knives is the first time that mankind has revolutionized mechanical cutting by using ceramic materials. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, Germany and the United Kingdom had begun to seek to replace traditional carbon tool steel tools with ceramic tools. Ceramic materials have become a new generation of tool materials due to their high hardness and high temperature resistance. However, ceramics are also limited by their well-known brittleness. Therefore, how to overcome the brittleness of ceramic tool materials and improve its toughness has become a ceramic for nearly a hundred years. The main subject of tool research. The range of applications for ceramics is also growing.

The main reasons for the engineering technology industry to develop and promote ceramic knives are (1) to greatly improve production efficiency; and (2) to be determined by the depletion of tungsten resources, the main component of high-speed steel and cemented carbide, on a global scale. It was estimated in the early 1980s that the world's proven tungsten resources were only used for 50 years. Tungsten is the most scarce resource in the world, but its consumption in cutting tool materials is very large, which leads to the rising price of tungsten ore, which has risen many times in several decades. This has also promoted the development of ceramic tools to a certain extent. Promotion, the development of ceramic tool materials has achieved remarkable results.

So far, the materials used as ceramic knives have formed alumina ceramics, alumina-metal ceramics, alumina-carbide ceramics, alumina-carbide cermets, alumina-nitride cermets and the latest research success. Boron nitride ceramic tool. Worldwide, German ceramic tools have not only been used in ordinary machine tools, but have also been used as an efficient, stable and reliable tool for CNC machine tools and automated production lines. Japanese ceramic blades are internationally advanced in terms of product type, output and quality. The United States has been a world leader in the development of oxide-carbide-nitride ceramic tools. Many achievements have been made in the development and application of Chinese ceramic tools.

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